發(fā)布時間：2018-03-23 17:06

  本文選題：綠色采購　切入點：制約因素　出處：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：持續(xù)的霧霾天氣和短暫的“APEC藍”讓人們愈發(fā)意識到了環(huán)境保護和資源節(jié)約的重要性。綠色消費可有效減少在生產和使用過程中造成的資源浪費和環(huán)境破壞。政府可通過其龐大的采購力量,增加綠色環(huán)保產品的需求量,刺激企業(yè)進行綠色生產改革,有效促進綠色產品市場的形成,同時引導全民范圍內的綠色采購。因此,政府綠色采購具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義,是貫徹落實十八大報告中有關構建生態(tài)文明的具體舉措,有利于我國社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。自2004年我國開始探索政府綠色采購以來,十年間已經取得了明顯的成績。然而由于我國政府綠色采購實踐的起步相對較晚,現(xiàn)在逐漸暴露出一些制約其發(fā)展的因素。本文通過分析我國綠色采購現(xiàn)狀,找出發(fā)展中存在的問題,然后通過建立其制約因素的ISM模型,分析各制約因素間的關系,最后在總結學習發(fā)達國家相關經驗的基礎上對構建和完善我國政府綠色采購制度提出了對策建議。本文經過大量的資料搜集和文獻分析,對我國政府綠色采購的現(xiàn)狀進行了概括,歸納出當前存在的五個主要問題和兩大挑戰(zhàn),并基于此剖析出了制約我國政府綠色采購發(fā)展的10個主要因素。采用解釋結構模型法對10個制約因素進行層次分類,構建了我國政府綠色采購制約的四階因素模型,并分辨出不同制約因素對系統(tǒng)的作用機制。橫向比較北美、歐洲、亞洲國家和地區(qū)的政府綠色采購實踐,總結出其在思想意識、采購指導、制度建設和配套保障四方面的成功經驗。最后提出了我國政府綠色采購制度完善的針對性建議,具體包括:根本制約因素方面,盡快統(tǒng)一綠色產品的認證標準和加大政府采購及綠色產業(yè)的資金投入;中層制約因素方面,完善法律體系、監(jiān)督管理、績效考評以及政策激勵等;直接制約因素方面,增強全民綠色采購意識,改良綠色采購方法,對采購人員進行培訓并且加強采購信息建設。
[Abstract]:The continuous haze weather and the brief "APEC blue" have made people more aware of the importance of environmental protection and resource conservation. Green consumption can effectively reduce the waste of resources and environmental damage caused by production and use. Through its enormous purchasing power, Increasing the demand for green environmental protection products, stimulating enterprises to carry out green production reform, effectively promoting the formation of green product market, and guiding the green procurement in the whole people. Therefore, the government green procurement has important practical significance. It is to carry out the concrete measures of constructing ecological civilization in the report of the 18th National Congress of China, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of our society. Since 2004, our country has begun to explore the green procurement of government. During the past ten years, there have been obvious achievements. However, due to the relatively late start of the green procurement practice in China, some factors restricting the development of green procurement are gradually exposed. This paper analyzes the current situation of green procurement in China. Find out the problems existing in the development, then establish the ISM model of the constraints, analyze the relationship between the constraints, Finally, on the basis of summing up the relevant experiences of developed countries, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to construct and perfect the green procurement system of our government. This paper summarizes the current situation of green procurement in China, and concludes five main problems and two major challenges. Based on the above analysis, 10 main factors restricting the development of green procurement in our country are analyzed. The four order factor model of green procurement constraints of our government is constructed by using the method of explanatory structure model to classify the 10 factors. By comparing the green procurement practices in North America, Europe and Asia countries and regions, we can find out their ideological consciousness and procurement guidance. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the green procurement system of our government, including the following aspects: the basic restrictive factors, Unify the certification standards of green products as soon as possible and increase the capital input for government procurement and green industries; improve the legal system, supervision and management, performance appraisal and policy incentives; directly restrict the factors, such as the middle-level constraints, the improvement of the legal system, the supervision and management, the evaluation of performance, and the policy incentives, etc. Strengthen the people's green purchasing consciousness, improve the green purchasing method, train the purchasing personnel and strengthen the purchasing information construction.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45

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