沖擊作用下壓彎鋼柱的動力響應(yīng)特性和破壞模式研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-13 09:30
【摘要】：鋼結(jié)構(gòu)工程常用H型鋼作承重柱構(gòu)件,在其服役期可能遭受到偶然沖擊作用而發(fā)生嚴重損傷或破壞,導(dǎo)致生命和財產(chǎn)的巨大損失。因而研究沖擊作用下H型鋼的動態(tài)響應(yīng)、破壞模式及受沖擊損傷后的剩余承載能力具有重要意義,可為鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的抗撞設(shè)計提供有益的借鑒。本文采用ABAQUS軟件開展了壓彎H型鋼柱受橫向沖擊作用的數(shù)值模擬研究,主要工作和結(jié)論如下:(1)分別采用五種常用本構(gòu)模型建立軸壓Q235鋼柱受橫向沖擊的有限元模型,對比分析數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):是否考慮應(yīng)變率效應(yīng)對模擬結(jié)果有較大影響;本構(gòu)模型的模擬結(jié)果與沖擊動能的高低有關(guān);不同本構(gòu)模型對沖擊區(qū)域局部變形的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果相互接近,對遠離沖擊區(qū)域的變形,數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果之間的偏差趨于增大,由局部到整體,不同本構(gòu)模型的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果之間相對偏差趨于增大。(2)研究了受橫向沖擊作用時壓彎H型鋼柱的破壞模式,并對動力響應(yīng)的影響參數(shù)進行了分析。結(jié)果表明:壓彎H型鋼柱受橫向沖擊的破壞模式是翼緣局部失穩(wěn)引起的平面內(nèi)整體失穩(wěn)破壞,是否發(fā)生平面內(nèi)整體失穩(wěn)主要取決于沖擊動能,也與沖擊位置、軸壓力和柱端彎矩等有關(guān);沖擊動能(包括沖擊質(zhì)量和沖擊速度)、沖擊位置距固定端約束的距離、軸壓力的增加都會加劇H型鋼柱的動態(tài)響應(yīng),但相比柱端彎矩,壓彎柱的動態(tài)響應(yīng)對軸壓力改變更為敏感;軸壓柱上疊加彎矩時,存在減弱該軸壓柱動態(tài)響應(yīng)的軸壓力-彎矩荷載組合,但隨著疊加彎矩值的增大,柱的變形開始加劇直至失穩(wěn)破壞。(3)提出顯式-隱式序列數(shù)值模擬方案模擬沖擊損傷狀態(tài),并對受沖擊損傷的H型鋼柱進行了承載力分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)沖擊動能和沖擊位置是影響鋼柱受沖擊損傷后剛度的關(guān)鍵影響因素;當塑性充分發(fā)展后,受沖擊損傷鋼柱最終的承載力趨于相同;受沖擊損傷H型鋼柱首先整體失穩(wěn)破壞,隨后柱高中部和柱腳部翼緣局部屈曲;遠離發(fā)生沖擊過程破壞的臨界沖擊-荷載狀態(tài)時,剩余承載力系數(shù)與沖擊動能、沖擊點到固定端約束的距離、彎矩、軸壓力呈負相關(guān),當接近這個臨界狀態(tài)時,剩余承載力系數(shù)會突然減小;相比而言,彎矩的改變對剩余承載力的影響最小;沖擊最不利位置位于柱高中點略高處,沖擊動能的不同速度和質(zhì)量組合對剩余承載力系數(shù)影響較小,但沖擊質(zhì)量較大的組合最不利;通過擬合得到?jīng)_擊引起的鋼柱軸向位移增量與剩余承載力系數(shù)的關(guān)系曲線。
[Abstract]:In steel structure engineering, H-section steel is commonly used as load-bearing column member, which may be seriously damaged or destroyed by accidental impact during its service period, resulting in huge loss of life and property. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic response, failure mode and residual bearing capacity of H-beam subjected to impact, which can be used for reference in the design of steel structures. In this paper, the numerical simulation of transverse impact on H-shaped steel columns is carried out by using ABAQUS software. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the finite element models of axial compression Q235 steel columns subjected to transverse impact are established by using five kinds of constitutive models respectively. The numerical simulation results are compared and analyzed. The results show that whether the strain rate effect is taken into account has a great influence on the simulation results, the simulation results of constitutive models are related to the impact kinetic energy, and the numerical simulation results of local deformation in different constitutive models are close to each other. For the deformation far away from the impact region, the deviation between the numerical simulation results tends to increase, from local to whole, The relative deviations between the numerical simulation results of different constitutive models tend to increase. (2) the failure modes of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact are studied and the influence parameters of dynamic response are analyzed. The results show that the failure mode of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact is the overall instability of the flange caused by local instability. Whether the overall instability occurs in the plane is mainly determined by the impact kinetic energy and the impact position. The impact kinetic energy (including impact mass and impact velocity), the distance between the impact position and the fixed end constraint, the increase of axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column, but compared with the column end moment, the axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column. The dynamic response of the column is more sensitive to the change of axial pressure, and there is an axial pressure-moment load combination which weakens the dynamic response of the column, but with the increase of the superposition moment value, there is a combination of axial pressure-moment load to weaken the dynamic response of the column. (3) the explicit and implicit sequence numerical simulation scheme is proposed to simulate the impact damage state, and the bearing capacity of H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage is analyzed. The results show that the impact kinetic energy and impact position are the key factors affecting the stiffness of steel column after impact damage, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel column subjected to impact damage tends to be the same when the plasticity is fully developed. The H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage first loses stability, then the flange of the column is buckled locally, and the residual bearing capacity coefficient and the impact kinetic energy are far away from the critical impact-load state of the impact failure. The distance between the impact point and the fixed end is negatively correlated with the moment and axial pressure. When approaching this critical state, the residual bearing capacity coefficient will suddenly decrease, while the change of bending moment has the least effect on the residual bearing capacity. The most disadvantageous position of impact is located at the high and high point of the column. The combination of different velocity and mass of impact kinetic energy has little effect on the residual bearing capacity coefficient, but the combination with larger impact mass is the most disadvantageous. The relation curve between the axial displacement increment and the residual bearing capacity coefficient of steel column caused by impact is obtained by fitting.
【學位授予單位】：福建工程學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU391
[Abstract]:In steel structure engineering, H-section steel is commonly used as load-bearing column member, which may be seriously damaged or destroyed by accidental impact during its service period, resulting in huge loss of life and property. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the dynamic response, failure mode and residual bearing capacity of H-beam subjected to impact, which can be used for reference in the design of steel structures. In this paper, the numerical simulation of transverse impact on H-shaped steel columns is carried out by using ABAQUS software. The main work and conclusions are as follows: (1) the finite element models of axial compression Q235 steel columns subjected to transverse impact are established by using five kinds of constitutive models respectively. The numerical simulation results are compared and analyzed. The results show that whether the strain rate effect is taken into account has a great influence on the simulation results, the simulation results of constitutive models are related to the impact kinetic energy, and the numerical simulation results of local deformation in different constitutive models are close to each other. For the deformation far away from the impact region, the deviation between the numerical simulation results tends to increase, from local to whole, The relative deviations between the numerical simulation results of different constitutive models tend to increase. (2) the failure modes of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact are studied and the influence parameters of dynamic response are analyzed. The results show that the failure mode of H-shaped columns subjected to transverse impact is the overall instability of the flange caused by local instability. Whether the overall instability occurs in the plane is mainly determined by the impact kinetic energy and the impact position. The impact kinetic energy (including impact mass and impact velocity), the distance between the impact position and the fixed end constraint, the increase of axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column, but compared with the column end moment, the axial pressure will increase the dynamic response of H-shaped steel column. The dynamic response of the column is more sensitive to the change of axial pressure, and there is an axial pressure-moment load combination which weakens the dynamic response of the column, but with the increase of the superposition moment value, there is a combination of axial pressure-moment load to weaken the dynamic response of the column. (3) the explicit and implicit sequence numerical simulation scheme is proposed to simulate the impact damage state, and the bearing capacity of H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage is analyzed. The results show that the impact kinetic energy and impact position are the key factors affecting the stiffness of steel column after impact damage, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the steel column subjected to impact damage tends to be the same when the plasticity is fully developed. The H-shaped steel column subjected to impact damage first loses stability, then the flange of the column is buckled locally, and the residual bearing capacity coefficient and the impact kinetic energy are far away from the critical impact-load state of the impact failure. The distance between the impact point and the fixed end is negatively correlated with the moment and axial pressure. When approaching this critical state, the residual bearing capacity coefficient will suddenly decrease, while the change of bending moment has the least effect on the residual bearing capacity. The most disadvantageous position of impact is located at the high and high point of the column. The combination of different velocity and mass of impact kinetic energy has little effect on the residual bearing capacity coefficient, but the combination with larger impact mass is the most disadvantageous. The relation curve between the axial displacement increment and the residual bearing capacity coefficient of steel column caused by impact is obtained by fitting.
【學位授予單位】：福建工程學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU391
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