發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-27 18:59

【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以后,人口老齡化問題開始逐步威脅世界各個(gè)國家,我國人口老齡化問題尤為嚴(yán)重,因?yàn)槲覈�是發(fā)展中國家,人口總數(shù)在世界總?cè)丝谥信琶�第�?所以,我國現(xiàn)階段的主要任務(wù)是解決全體國民的養(yǎng)老問題。計(jì)劃生育政策的實(shí)施改變了原有的家庭結(jié)構(gòu),使得家庭養(yǎng)老逐步弱化,社會化養(yǎng)老的需求越來越大,因而對我國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度提出更高要求。雖然現(xiàn)階段我國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度呈現(xiàn)“碎片化”,機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度,城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度和新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度并存,并且隨著新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度試點(diǎn)工作的推進(jìn),覆蓋全國地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度很快能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn),做到全體國民老有所養(yǎng),但是,要構(gòu)建21世紀(jì)和諧發(fā)展社會,僅做到覆蓋全體國民的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的,做到真正的公平才是國家、國民共同追求的目標(biāo)。由于發(fā)展中國家二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)制約,養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革只能采取漸進(jìn)式方式,逐步邁進(jìn)。養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革不僅能解決不同群體、不同區(qū)域養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)待遇水平不同引起的不公平問題,為其他相關(guān)制度建設(shè)提供理論參考,從效率的角度講,也可以促進(jìn)勞動(dòng)力合理流動(dòng),優(yōu)化人力資源配置,為國民享受同等養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)待遇水平,構(gòu)建21世紀(jì)社會主義和諧社會提供指導(dǎo)作用。 本篇論文是在我國城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)實(shí)下,人口老齡化挑戰(zhàn)的背景下和國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析法、橫向縱向比較法、歸納和演繹法,對我國多層次養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制并軌路徑進(jìn)行研究。首先對我國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革的相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行綜述,簡單介紹養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的特征和類型,現(xiàn)階段我國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度現(xiàn)狀以及存在哪些弊端,對國內(nèi)外養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革研究成果進(jìn)行分析、評價(jià)；其次表明養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制并軌的中長期任務(wù)—建立城鄉(xiāng)二元體制,對我國建立城鄉(xiāng)二元養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體系的必要性和可行性進(jìn)行分析,提出我國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制的未來構(gòu)想,分別設(shè)置中期目標(biāo)和長期目標(biāo),逐步推進(jìn),并通過比較國外養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革情況,再結(jié)合我國實(shí)際國情得出對我國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革的啟發(fā)；接著分析養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制并軌的現(xiàn)期任務(wù)—機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位和企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度并軌,分析并軌的必要性,提出機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位和企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度并軌路徑,并指出并軌實(shí)施過程中應(yīng)注意的問題；最后對養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革做總結(jié)和展望,建議在養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革的過程中,與之相關(guān)的配套措施也該做相應(yīng)改進(jìn)。 雖然本文借鑒國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究,運(yùn)用相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)圖表進(jìn)行分析,并結(jié)合中國養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的實(shí)際情況給出自己粗淺的政策性建議,但是由于知識能力水平有限,對問題的見解還不夠深入獨(dú)到,在一定程度上影響了本文對問題研究的說服力,并且所提的政策性建議實(shí)施起來可能需要一段時(shí)間加以協(xié)調(diào)解決,不能立竿見影。但是這些政策性建議在我國均可實(shí)行,并且這些不足將會隨著養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體制改革長期目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)不斷地得到修改和完善。
[Abstract]:After entering the 21st century, the problem of population aging has begun to threaten every country in the world. The problem of population aging in our country is particularly serious, because our country is a developing country, and the total population ranks first in the total population of the world. Therefore, the main task of our country at this stage is to solve the problem of pension for all the people. It has changed the original family structure, weakened the family endowment gradually, and increased the demand for social endowment, thus putting forward higher requirements for China's endowment insurance system. The village endowment insurance system coexists, and with the advance of the pilot work of the new rural endowment insurance system, the endowment insurance system covering the whole country will soon be realized, so that all the people can support the elderly. However, to build a harmonious society in the 21st century, it is far from enough to achieve the endowment insurance system covering all the people. Because of the restriction of the dual economic structure in developing countries, the reform of the endowment insurance system can only be carried out gradually. The reform of the endowment insurance system can not only solve the unfair problems caused by different groups and different levels of endowment insurance treatment in different regions, but also solve other problems. From the angle of efficiency, it can also promote the rational flow of labor force, optimize the allocation of human resources, provide guidance for citizens to enjoy the same level of endowment insurance treatment and build a harmonious socialist society in the 21st century.
In this paper, under the background of the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas in China, the challenge of population aging and the research achievements of scholars at home and abroad on the reform of endowment insurance system, we use the method of literature analysis, horizontal and vertical comparison, induction and deduction to study the merging path of multi-level endowment insurance system in China. This paper summarizes the problems related to the reform of China's endowment insurance system, briefly introduces the characteristics and types of endowment insurance, the present situation of China's endowment insurance system and its drawbacks, analyzes and evaluates the research results of the reform of the endowment insurance system at home and abroad, and then indicates the medium and long-term task of the integration of the endowment insurance system-establishment. This paper analyzes the necessity and feasibility of establishing the urban-rural dual endowment insurance system in China, puts forward the future conception of the urban-rural dual endowment insurance system, sets the medium-term and long-term goals respectively, and advances it step by step. By comparing the reform of the foreign endowment insurance system, and combining with the actual situation of our country, it draws the conclusion that we should support our country. The enlightenment of the reform of the old insurance system is followed by an analysis of the current task of the merger of the old-age insurance system-the merger of the old-age insurance system of government organs, institutions and enterprise employees, the necessity of the merger, the merger path of the old-age insurance system of government organs, institutions and enterprise employees, and the problems that should be paid attention to in the implementation of the merger. This paper summarizes and prospects the reform of the endowment insurance system, and suggests that in the process of the reform of the endowment insurance system, the relevant supporting measures should be improved accordingly.
Although this article draws lessons from the domestic and foreign scholars on the endowment insurance system experience research, uses the related data chart to carry on the analysis, and unifies the Chinese endowment insurance system actual situation to give own shallow policy suggestion, but because the knowledge ability level is limited, the view to the question is not thorough and original enough, has affected this to a certain extent. The persuasiveness of the study and the implementation of the policy recommendations may take some time to coordinate and solve, but these policy recommendations can be implemented in China, and these shortcomings will be constantly revised and improved with the realization of the long-term goals of the pension system reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.67

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