發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-28 11:25

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的不斷進(jìn)步，預(yù)防優(yōu)先的工傷保險(xiǎn)制度已經(jīng)在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家逐步成為工傷保險(xiǎn)事業(yè)發(fā)展的主流。根據(jù)國(guó)際勞工組織的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料表明，全球每年發(fā)生的工傷大概為1.25億次，包括職業(yè)病每年大概造成200萬(wàn)人死亡，其中33.5萬(wàn)人死在工作場(chǎng)所，平均每分鐘有2人因工傷導(dǎo)致死亡。自20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，世界工傷事故10萬(wàn)人死亡率總體呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì)，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家工傷事故死亡率在6人以下，其中英國(guó)控制在1人以下，與之相比，我國(guó)的工傷事故10萬(wàn)人死亡率今年來(lái)一直在10人左右，工傷事故的預(yù)防與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家還存在著較大的差距。雖然改革開放后，我國(guó)制定了一系列的法律法規(guī)，《企業(yè)職工工傷保險(xiǎn)試行辦法》、《工傷保險(xiǎn)條例》和《社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)法》，但總體來(lái)講，我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的工傷保險(xiǎn)制度是“重賠償、輕預(yù)防”的消極賠償模式，這和我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展是不相匹配的，導(dǎo)致這種現(xiàn)狀的原因頗多，需要我們以極大的智慧和勇氣來(lái)加以完善。 本文采用了文獻(xiàn)研究與比較分析相結(jié)合的方法，，首先介紹了工傷預(yù)防的基礎(chǔ)概念和理論，接下來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單回顧了自建國(guó)以來(lái)天津市工傷保險(xiǎn)和工傷預(yù)防的發(fā)展歷程，針對(duì)我國(guó)工傷預(yù)防工作的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況及存在的問(wèn)題，并通過(guò)與德國(guó)、美國(guó)、日本等國(guó)家的工傷預(yù)防制度相比較，歸納總結(jié)出對(duì)我國(guó)工傷預(yù)防制度的借鑒之處。最后，對(duì)我國(guó)工傷預(yù)防的相關(guān)對(duì)策進(jìn)行了分析，即強(qiáng)調(diào)法律法規(guī)的政策保障，分工明確的組織管理，在數(shù)據(jù)分析的基礎(chǔ)上，建立科學(xué)合理的善費(fèi)率獎(jiǎng)懲機(jī)制，通過(guò)多種途徑的工傷預(yù)防宣傳和培訓(xùn)，進(jìn)一步提高我國(guó)的工傷預(yù)防工作水平。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the preemptive industrial injury insurance system has gradually become the mainstream of industrial injury insurance in developed countries. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) statistics, there are about 125 million work-related injuries in the world every year, including about 2 million deaths caused by occupational diseases each year, of which 335000 people die in the workplace. On average, two people die per minute as a result of industrial injuries. Since the 1990s, the mortality rate of 100000 industrial accidents in the world has shown a general downward trend. In developed countries, the death rate of industrial accidents is below 6, of which the United Kingdom has controlled less than one. The death rate of 100000 industrial accidents in China has been about 10 this year, and there is still a big gap between the prevention of industrial accidents in China and the developed countries. Although China has formulated a series of laws and regulations after the reform and opening up, "measures for trial implementation of Industrial injury Insurance for Enterprise employees", "regulations on Industrial injury Insurance" and "Social Insurance Law", generally speaking, the current industrial injury insurance system in China is "heavy compensation." The passive compensation mode of light prevention does not match with the rapid development of our economy. There are many reasons leading to this situation, and we need to perfect it with great wisdom and courage. This paper introduces the basic concepts and theories of industrial injury prevention by combining literature research with comparative analysis, and then briefly reviews the development of industrial injury insurance and industrial injury prevention in Tianjin since the founding of the people's Republic of China. In view of the actual situation and existing problems of industrial injury prevention in China, and by comparing with the industrial injury prevention system of Germany, the United States, Japan and other countries, the author sums up the reference points for the industrial injury prevention system in our country. Finally, the author analyzes the relevant countermeasures of industrial injury prevention in China, that is, emphasizing the policy guarantee of laws and regulations, organizing and managing the division of labor clearly, establishing a scientific and reasonable mechanism of reward and punishment of good rate on the basis of data analysis. To further improve the level of industrial injury prevention in China through various ways of industrial injury prevention publicity and training.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F842.616;D922.55

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本文編號(hào)：2362692