發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-17 18:56

【摘要】：金融業(yè)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)是發(fā)展的核心，而銀行是金融業(yè)的主要實(shí)體，是一個(gè)重要的骨干。農(nóng)村信用社又是中國(guó)金融業(yè)的重要組成部分，在開(kāi)展各種金融服務(wù)的同時(shí)還承擔(dān)了“三農(nóng)”建設(shè)的任務(wù)和使命，是建設(shè)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村的主力軍，同時(shí)支持著其他商業(yè)銀行的發(fā)展。在一定程度上，農(nóng)村信用社肩負(fù)著比其他銀行更多的社會(huì)責(zé)任。 我國(guó)三農(nóng)問(wèn)題的核心是農(nóng)民收入低。導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民收入低的因素眾多,最突出的問(wèn)題是缺乏有效的金融服務(wù)。目前,農(nóng)民儲(chǔ)蓄大部分流入農(nóng)業(yè)銀行、或者郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行,之后又一部分流入了大城市或者大項(xiàng)目。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的實(shí)踐證明,小額農(nóng)戶(hù)貸款對(duì)于農(nóng)村、農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)民來(lái)說(shuō)，是十分重要的，作為發(fā)展中國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)貸款的主要金融機(jī)構(gòu)——農(nóng)村信用社,這個(gè)農(nóng)村的三大合作組織之一,在支持農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的地位舉足輕重。 在當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下，民間借貸也開(kāi)始發(fā)展，如何使得金融行業(yè)在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的情況下穩(wěn)步發(fā)展，尤其是在信貸資金的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面，力爭(zhēng)使銀行在經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展壯大的過(guò)程中，不斷提高特定資產(chǎn)在企業(yè)管理系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮的作用和質(zhì)量就顯得尤為重要。近年來(lái)的實(shí)踐證明，一方面是商業(yè)銀行不愿投入導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村資金短缺，另一方面有資金在農(nóng)村地區(qū)大量外流，農(nóng)業(yè)，農(nóng)村和農(nóng)民熱切呼吁改善農(nóng)村金融服務(wù),加強(qiáng)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信貸進(jìn)入改革時(shí)期，以確保信用社信貸以支持地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。目前，信用社已進(jìn)入改革的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，特別是信用社信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的問(wèn)題是不斷暴露出來(lái)，并且嚴(yán)重影響農(nóng)村信用社的金融業(yè)務(wù)開(kāi)展。因此，，為境內(nèi)農(nóng)村信用社防范和化解信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，提高信貸資金的整體效率，已經(jīng)是一個(gè)迫在眉睫的重要問(wèn)題。 正定縣地處河北省省會(huì)轄區(qū)，是京津冀都市圈的重要組成部分，而正定縣農(nóng)村信用聯(lián)社歷年來(lái)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r較好，是河北省農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的重要組成部分。但同時(shí)面臨的問(wèn)題有：多層次農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的進(jìn)入擠占了農(nóng)信社市場(chǎng)份額、行政干預(yù)影響著農(nóng)信社市場(chǎng)化改革、利率管制放松、行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中利差收入降低、政府監(jiān)管更加嚴(yán)格、銀行經(jīng)營(yíng)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高、各種金融機(jī)構(gòu)瞄準(zhǔn)農(nóng)村市場(chǎng)、行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)的多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征所形成的市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手優(yōu)厚待遇造成的人才和客戶(hù)的流失、金融市場(chǎng)和金融替代品的發(fā)展擠壓了農(nóng)信社傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)等。 本文從正定縣農(nóng)村信用聯(lián)社信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā)，結(jié)合自身體會(huì)。通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理現(xiàn)狀分析，目的在于研究適合我國(guó)農(nóng)村信用社信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)方法，探討能有效降低我國(guó)農(nóng)村信用社信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的有關(guān)制度和方法。以期對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村信用社信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，降低有關(guān)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力有所幫助。
[Abstract]:The financial industry is the pillar industry of the national economy is the core of development, and the bank is the main entity of the financial industry and an important backbone. Rural credit cooperatives are also an important part of China's financial industry. They also undertake the task and mission of building "three rural areas" while carrying out various financial services, and are the main force in building a new socialist countryside. It also supports the development of other commercial banks. To some extent, rural credit cooperatives shoulder more social responsibility than other banks. The core of the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the low income of farmers. There are many factors leading to the low income of farmers, the most prominent problem is the lack of effective financial services. At present, farmers' savings go largely to the Agricultural Bank, or Postal savings Bank, and then to big cities or projects. The practice of economic development has proved that small farmers' loans are very important to rural areas, agriculture, and farmers. As the main financial institutions for agricultural loans in developing countries, rural credit cooperatives, one of the three major rural cooperative organizations, It plays an important role in supporting agriculture and rural economic development. In the current economic situation, private lending has also begun to develop. How to make the financial industry develop steadily in the increasingly competitive situation, especially in the potential risks of credit funds, It is very important for banks to improve the function and quality of specific assets in the enterprise management system. Practice in recent years has proved that, on the one hand, the reluctance of commercial banks to invest in rural areas has led to a shortage of funds in rural areas, and on the other hand, there has been a massive outflow of funds in rural areas, and agriculture, rural areas and farmers are eager to improve rural financial services. Strengthening credit risk management credit entering the reform period to ensure credit cooperatives to support the development of local economy. At present, credit cooperatives have entered a critical period of reform, risk management, especially credit cooperatives credit risk management problems are constantly exposed, and seriously affect the development of rural credit cooperatives financial business. Therefore, it is an urgent and important problem to guard against and resolve the credit risk and improve the overall efficiency of credit funds for the domestic rural credit cooperatives. Zhengding County, located in the provincial capital of Hebei Province, is an important part of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Circle, while the Zhengding County Rural Credit Union has been developing well over the years, which is an important part of the rural financial institutions in Hebei Province. But at the same time, the problems are as follows: the entry of multi-level rural financial institutions has taken up the market share of rural credit cooperatives, the administrative intervention has affected the market-oriented reform of rural credit cooperatives, the interest rate control has been relaxed, the income of interest margin in industry competition has been reduced, and government supervision has become more stringent. Bank management and risk control standards have been raised, various financial institutions are targeting the rural market, industry competition has intensified, market risks have resulted from the multi-risk characteristics of the agricultural industry, and the loss of talents and customers caused by the preferential treatment of competitors, The development of financial markets and financial substitutes has squeezed the traditional business of rural credit cooperatives. Based on the present situation of credit risk management in Zhengding County Rural Credit Union, this paper combines its own experience. By analyzing the present situation of risk management at home and abroad, the purpose of this paper is to study the performance evaluation methods of credit risk management for rural credit cooperatives in China, and to explore the relevant systems and methods that can effectively reduce the credit risk of rural credit cooperatives in China. It is expected to be helpful to the credit risk management of rural credit cooperatives, to reduce the credit risk and to improve the competitiveness of rural credit cooperatives.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.35

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