發(fā)布時間：2018-03-19 00:10

  本文選題：微波　切入點：天線　出處：《安徽建筑大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的快速增長,我國城市化和城鎮(zhèn)化不斷地向前推進,人口數(shù)量也在增長,城市中不斷地出現(xiàn)各種各樣的高層建筑和堆積較多物資的倉庫,在這種情況下,一旦失火,就會造成重大災(zāi)難,同時也會對火災(zāi)的救援工作帶來很大的困難。因此,用于保障人身安全以及財產(chǎn)安全的火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)前,國內(nèi)外火災(zāi)探測技術(shù)主要是以高靈敏度紅外傳感器為主、輔以感煙、感溫等多傳感信息融合技術(shù),然而對于火災(zāi)早期、有遮擋物的火源以及特殊無煙材料火災(zāi),運用現(xiàn)有技術(shù)進行實時監(jiān)測、檢測就較為困難。面對這種情況,微波輻射探測技術(shù)在探測火災(zāi)上的優(yōu)勢體現(xiàn)出來,并得到應(yīng)用。利用微波輻射探測火災(zāi)具有獨特的穿透性優(yōu)勢,在隔墻、隔門、隔窗等情況下,可以探測建筑內(nèi)部的火勢情況,告知消防隊員火源狀態(tài),以免發(fā)生一些意外。本設(shè)計綜合國內(nèi)外火災(zāi)探測技術(shù),考慮各個探測技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點,針對火的輻射頻段,設(shè)計一個雙頻陣列天線用以接收火的輻射信號,該天線具有較好的回波損耗以及較高增益,可以很好的接收火災(zāi)輻射信號,基于天線檢測頻段,設(shè)計一個合理的接收機,用于對信號的處理、轉(zhuǎn)換,最后利用ZigBee傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)完成數(shù)據(jù)的層層傳輸。在結(jié)構(gòu)上,探測天線采用微帶陣列結(jié)構(gòu),體積較小,具有很好的適用性,接收機采用零中頻接收結(jié)構(gòu),有效的對信號進行處理。本課題主要完成工作有:第一,檢測天線設(shè)計。針對火的輻射頻段,設(shè)計一款高增益的雙頻檢測天線。第二,在基于檢測天線基礎(chǔ)上提出合理的接收機結(jié)構(gòu),用于對天線檢測出的信號進行處理,將信號轉(zhuǎn)化為可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中進行傳輸?shù)碾妷盒盘�。第�?針對于信號傳輸,提出合適的傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò),利用ZigBee技術(shù)對接收、處理過的信號進行傳輸。并利用節(jié)點組成相應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),構(gòu)建傳輸平臺。最后,通過IAR軟件,對網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點的程序進行設(shè)計。在ZigBee標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)議的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建一個適用于本課題設(shè)計的網(wǎng)絡(luò),并經(jīng)過實驗驗證網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實用性。經(jīng)過一系列的實驗驗證,設(shè)計的天線參數(shù)基本滿足課題需求,設(shè)計的接收機能夠很好的對信號進行處理、轉(zhuǎn)化,數(shù)據(jù)傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠有效地運行,最終的燃燒火實驗表明,發(fā)生火災(zāi)時,設(shè)計的整體系統(tǒng)能夠檢測到火災(zāi)信號,完成整個設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the economy, urbanization and urbanization in our country are constantly advancing, and the population is also increasing. In this case, once there is a fire, there are various high-rise buildings and warehouses piled up with more goods and materials in the cities. It will cause great disaster and bring great difficulty to the rescue work of fire. Therefore, the automatic fire alarm system, which is used to protect personal safety and property safety, is especially important. Fire detection technology at home and abroad is mainly based on high-sensitivity infrared sensors, assisted by multi-sensor information fusion technology, such as smoke, temperature, etc. However, in the early stage of fire, the fire source with shielding and special smokeless material fire. It is difficult to detect by using the existing technology in real time monitoring. In the face of this situation, the advantages of microwave radiation detection technology in fire detection are manifested and applied. In the case of partition wall, door, window and so on, the fire inside the building can be detected, and the fireman can be informed of the state of the fire source so as to avoid some accidents. This design synthesizes the fire detection technology at home and abroad, and considers the advantages and disadvantages of each detection technology. A dual-frequency array antenna is designed to receive the radiation signal of the fire. The antenna has good echo loss and high gain, so it can receive the fire radiation signal well, based on the detection frequency band of the antenna. A reasonable receiver is designed for signal processing and conversion. Finally, the ZigBee transmission network is used to transmit the data layer by layer. In structure, the detection antenna adopts microstrip array structure, which is small in size and has good applicability. The receiver adopts the zero-intermediate frequency receiving structure to process the signal effectively. The main work of this thesis is as follows: first, the design of the detection antenna. For the radiation band of the fire, a dual-frequency detection antenna with high gain is designed. Based on the detection antenna, a reasonable receiver structure is proposed, which is used to process the signal detected by the antenna and convert the signal into a voltage signal which can be transmitted in the network. Put forward the appropriate transmission network, use ZigBee technology to transmit the received and processed signals, and use the nodes to form the corresponding network, build the transmission platform. Finally, through the IAR software, The program of network node is designed. Based on the standard protocol of ZigBee, a network suitable for this project is constructed, and the practicability of the network is verified by experiments. The designed antenna parameters basically meet the requirements of the subject, the receiver designed can process and transform the signal well, and the data transmission network can operate effectively. The final combustion fire experiment shows that, when the fire occurs, The whole system can detect the fire signal and complete the whole design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU892

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本文編號：1631941