發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-15 13:15

【摘要】：電磁波在現(xiàn)代生活中與人類生活息息相關(guān),一方面在醫(yī)療、建筑、勘探等方面發(fā)揮有益作用,另一方面,電磁波產(chǎn)生的電磁干擾、電磁輻射,對(duì)人體及設(shè)備帶來(lái)了負(fù)面影響,為了減少電磁波的對(duì)設(shè)備及人體的危害,可采用電磁屏蔽材料對(duì)電磁波進(jìn)行有效屏蔽,常用的金屬類電磁屏蔽材料密度大且易腐蝕,在達(dá)到一定的屏蔽效果時(shí),在對(duì)材料重量有嚴(yán)格要求、耐腐蝕的環(huán)境條件下并不適用。因此,制備輕質(zhì)高效的電磁屏蔽復(fù)合材料,具有重要的理論意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本課題利用炭黑(CB)、石墨導(dǎo)電填料與環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合,制備電磁屏蔽復(fù)合材料,為了降低復(fù)合材料的密度,增加填料的分散性,提高電磁屏蔽復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電性及電磁屏蔽效能,在炭黑/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂、石墨/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合材料中添加輕質(zhì)填料聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫微球。通過(guò)機(jī)械攪拌的方法制備了炭黑/PS泡沫微球/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合材料和石墨/PS泡沫微球/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂輕質(zhì)復(fù)合材料,并研究了復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電性能、介電性能及其電磁屏蔽性能。研究結(jié)果如下:PS泡沫微球的引入降低了CB/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂體系的密度,與未引入PS泡沫微球時(shí)材料密度最低值為1.13 g/cm3相比,引入PS泡沫微球后,體系密度減小,最低值為0.800 g/cm3;提高了炭黑/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合材料的導(dǎo)電相的局部相對(duì)體積含量,使炭黑/PS泡沫微球/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合體系的電導(dǎo)率上升,在炭黑體積分?jǐn)?shù)為36%時(shí),其電導(dǎo)率由1.26×10-4S/cm提高至3.30×10-3S/cm;提高了體系的介電常數(shù)及介電損耗,增強(qiáng)了體系的電磁屏蔽效能。介電常數(shù)實(shí)部由25.7增加至34.0。其介電常數(shù)虛部由12.6增加至33.4。其介電損耗由0.480增加至1.46。其對(duì)電磁波的屏蔽效能由11.9dB增加至15.4dB。在石墨/PS泡沫微球/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合體系中,隨著PS泡沫微球與石墨的比例逐漸增大,石墨/PS泡沫微球/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合體系的密度由0.961 g/cm3降低至0.617 g/cm3;而其電導(dǎo)率由比例為0.0125:1時(shí)的1.00*10-3S/cm降低至比例為0.025:1時(shí)的4.74*10-4S/cm,而在PS泡沫微球與石墨比例為0.05:1時(shí),電導(dǎo)率略增加為4.98*10-4S/cm;隨著PS泡沫微球與石墨的比例逐漸增大,介電常數(shù)的實(shí)部與虛部也呈減小的趨勢(shì),其介電常數(shù)實(shí)部由9.18減小至5.80。其介電常數(shù)虛部由0.780減小至0.150。隨著PS泡沫微球與石墨的比例逐漸增大,石墨/PS泡沫微球/環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂復(fù)合體系的電磁屏蔽效能逐漸減小,比屏蔽效能逐漸增大。復(fù)合體系的反射損耗隨著PS泡沫微球與石墨的比例增大而減小,其吸收損耗也隨著PS泡沫微球與石墨的比例增大而減小。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic wave is closely related to human life in modern life. On the one hand, it plays a beneficial role in medical treatment, construction, exploration and so on. On the other hand, electromagnetic interference and radiation from electromagnetic wave have a negative impact on human body and equipment. In order to reduce the harm of electromagnetic wave to equipment and human body, electromagnetic shielding material can be used to shield electromagnetic wave effectively. It is not applicable under the condition of strict material weight and corrosion resistance. Therefore, the preparation of electromagnetic shielding composites with light weight and high efficiency has important theoretical significance and application value. In this paper, (CB), graphite conductive filler and epoxy resin are used to prepare electromagnetic shielding composites. In order to reduce the density of composites, increase the dispersion of fillers, improve the conductivity and electromagnetic shielding efficiency of electromagnetic shielding composites. Light filler polystyrene (PS) foam microspheres were added to carbon black / epoxy resin and graphite / epoxy resin composites. Carbon black / PS foam microspheres / epoxy resin composites and graphite / PS foam microspheres / epoxy resin lightweight composites were prepared by mechanical stirring. The conductive properties, dielectric properties and electromagnetic shielding properties of the composites were studied. The results are as follows: the density of CB/ epoxy resin was reduced by the introduction of PS foam microspheres. Compared with the minimum material density of 1.13 g/cm3 without the introduction of PS foam microspheres, the density of the system decreased after the introduction of PS foam microspheres. The lowest value is 0.800 g / cm ~ (3). The local relative volume content of conductive phase of carbon black / epoxy resin composite is increased, and the conductivity of carbon black / PS foam microsphere / epoxy resin composite system is increased, when the volume fraction of carbon black is 36. The conductivity of the system was increased from 1.26 脳 10-4S/cm to 3.30 脳 10 ~ (-3) S / cm, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the system were increased, and the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the system was enhanced. The real part of dielectric constant is increased from 25.7 to 34.0. The imaginary part of its dielectric constant increased from 12.6 to 33.4. The dielectric loss increased from 0.480 to 1.46. Its shielding efficiency to electromagnetic wave is increased from 11.9dB to 15.4dB. In the composite system of graphite / PS foam microspheres / epoxy resin, with the increase of the ratio of PS foam microspheres to graphite, The density of graphite / PS foam microspheres / epoxy resin composite system decreased from 0.961 g/cm3 to 0.617 g / cm ~ 3, and the conductivity of the composite system decreased from 0.0125: 1 1.00*10-3S/cm to 4.74 10 ~ (-4) S / cm of 0.025: 1, while the ratio of PS foam microspheres to graphite was 0.05: 1. The conductivity increased slightly to 4.98 ~ 10 ~ (-4) S / cm, and with the increase of the ratio of PS foam microspheres to graphite, the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant decreased, and the real part of the dielectric constant decreased from 9.18 to 5.80. The imaginary part of its dielectric constant is reduced from 0.780 to 0.150. With the increase of the ratio of PS foam microspheres to graphite, the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of graphite / PS foam microspheres / epoxy resin composite system decreases gradually, and the specific shielding efficiency increases gradually. The reflection loss of the composite system decreases with the increase of the ratio of PS foam microspheres to graphite, and the absorption loss decreases with the increase of the ratio of PS foam microspheres to graphite.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33

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本文編號(hào)：2184312