發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-23 04:40

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 銦礦資源 資源安全 安全評(píng)估 指標(biāo)體系　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)是發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)新動(dòng)力的重要著手點(diǎn),有著不言而喻的重要性。作為其支撐的戰(zhàn)略性新興礦產(chǎn)在各國(guó)搶占經(jīng)濟(jì)制高點(diǎn)的過(guò)程有著非常重要的作用。這些資源在短期和長(zhǎng)期的可用性、質(zhì)量以及供應(yīng)的充足性等安全問(wèn)題,成為國(guó)家常年關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。銦在戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用較為廣泛,未來(lái)隨著需求的快速增長(zhǎng),銦需求量將會(huì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)的銦礦資源安全可能會(huì)面臨著一定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。同時(shí)作為伴生礦產(chǎn)的銦,其安全評(píng)價(jià)有別于大宗礦產(chǎn),因此根據(jù)銦資源特點(diǎn)建立一套安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系并據(jù)此對(duì)中國(guó)的銦資源安全做出評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)保證產(chǎn)業(yè)與國(guó)家的持續(xù)發(fā)展具有一定的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文所取得的成果和結(jié)論如下:(1)對(duì)全球以及我國(guó)銦礦資源的資源儲(chǔ)量、生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)量、消費(fèi)、價(jià)格以及貿(mào)易等方面的歷史數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行收集和分析描述,建立起銦礦資源相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。其中中國(guó)儲(chǔ)量8000噸占全球11000噸的74%;中國(guó)原生銦產(chǎn)量近年來(lái)均占全球40%以上;全球主要消費(fèi)國(guó)和貿(mào)易國(guó)包括了日本、韓國(guó)、美國(guó)以及中國(guó),日本為最大消費(fèi)國(guó),占全球50%,中國(guó)消費(fèi)水平相對(duì)較低,消費(fèi)量全球占比僅為5%左右;銦價(jià)格受特殊事件及供需情況的影響和變化,變化大致可分為8個(gè)階段。(2)利用部門(mén)分析法對(duì)于我國(guó)銦消費(fèi)情況做出了短期預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果表明在未來(lái)我國(guó)銦消費(fèi)重點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)在ITO靶材制造和太陽(yáng)能薄膜光伏電池(CIGS)兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域。到2020年,兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域的消費(fèi)量將為275噸和17-20噸,而銦的總消費(fèi)量預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)達(dá)到317-320噸。(3)選定了資源全球占比、儲(chǔ)采比、伴生資源占比、地區(qū)生產(chǎn)集中度、廢舊產(chǎn)品回收率、替代性、需求增長(zhǎng)和消費(fèi)量世界比重8項(xiàng)指標(biāo),建立起了銦礦資源中短期安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。(4)依據(jù)所建立起的安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,結(jié)合安全度計(jì)算公式計(jì)算出2013年和2014年銦礦資源安全等級(jí),其結(jié)果表明2013年、2014年等級(jí)均為基本安全,但是安全度評(píng)分呈現(xiàn)出下降的趨勢(shì)。(5)以安全結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)指標(biāo)體系中各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)具體得分情況進(jìn)行分析描述,并針對(duì)目前所存在的問(wèn)題從形勢(shì)、資源現(xiàn)狀、行業(yè)發(fā)展方向、重點(diǎn)發(fā)展環(huán)節(jié)、儲(chǔ)備機(jī)制以及環(huán)境等角度提出有關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:Strategic emerging industries are an important starting point for the development of new driving forces for economic growth. The strategic emerging minerals that underpin them play a very important role in the process of seizing the commanding heights of their economies. These resources are available in the short and long term. Safety issues such as quality and adequacy of supply have become a perennial concern of the country. Indium is widely used in strategic emerging industries. With the rapid growth of demand in the future, the demand for indium will continue to grow. The safety of indium ore resources in China may face certain risks. At the same time, the safety evaluation of indium, as an associated mineral resource, is different from that of bulk minerals. Therefore, according to the characteristics of indium resources, a set of safety evaluation index system is established and the safety of indium resources in China is evaluated accordingly. It has certain theoretical and practical significance to ensure the sustainable development of industry and country. The results and conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows: 1) the resource reserves, production output and consumption of indium ore resources in the world and in China, The historical data of price and trade are collected and analyzed, and the database of indium ore resources is established. Among them, the reserves of China account for 11000 tons in the world, and the primary indium production in China accounts for more than 40% in the world in recent years. The world's major consumer and trading countries include Japan, South Korea, the United States and China, Japan is the largest consumer, accounting for 50 percent of the world, China's consumption level is relatively low, the proportion of global consumption is only about 5%; The indium price is influenced and changed by special events and supply and demand conditions, which can be roughly divided into 8 stages. The predicted results show that in the future, indium consumption in China will be focused on ITO target manufacturing and solar thin film photovoltaic cells (CIGS). By 2020, the consumption in the two areas will be 275 tons and 17-20 tons. The total consumption of indium is expected to reach 317-320 tons. (3) eight indicators have been selected: global share of resources, ratio of storage to production, proportion of associated resources, regional production concentration, recovery rate of used and waste products, substitution, demand growth and world proportion of consumption. Based on the safety evaluation index system established, the safety grade of indium ore resources in 2013 and 2014 is calculated by combining the safety calculation formula. The results show that the grades of 2013 and 2014 are basically safe, but the score of safety degree shows a downward trend. (5) based on the result of safety, the specific scores of each index in the index system are analyzed and described. According to the existing problems, some suggestions are put forward from the aspects of the situation, the present situation of resources, the development direction of the industry, the key development links, the reserve mechanism and the environment and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.1
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本文編號(hào)：1526144