發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-16 16:09

  本文選題：微地震監(jiān)測(cè) + 小波去噪��； 參考：《華北科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：微地震監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)已成為礦山巖體穩(wěn)定性實(shí)時(shí)、在線、遠(yuǎn)距離監(jiān)測(cè)最為有效的技術(shù)方法，然而，信號(hào)去噪、到時(shí)拾取和震源定位仍是其應(yīng)用推廣的公開(kāi)性基本問(wèn)題。本論文結(jié)合山東黃金集團(tuán)歸來(lái)莊礦巖體穩(wěn)定性監(jiān)測(cè)的需要，應(yīng)用所研發(fā)的微地震監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，圍繞著這三個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題開(kāi)展了較為系統(tǒng)的針對(duì)性研究。 (1)考慮到微地震監(jiān)測(cè)信號(hào)的非平穩(wěn)特征，提出了一種采用小波閾值去噪方法對(duì)原始信號(hào)去噪處理的技術(shù)途徑。小波閾值去噪后的信號(hào)與原始波形峰值位置具有良好的一致性，消噪信號(hào)能完整保留監(jiān)測(cè)微地震波的突變細(xì)節(jié)。該方法可以為微地震波初至到時(shí)精確拾取與判斷提供良好的技術(shù)保障。 (2)應(yīng)用函數(shù)優(yōu)化擬合方法，，建立了一種基于微地震波波形的初至到時(shí)拾取判斷算法。不同采樣頻率、不同分析時(shí)窗寬度和不同噪聲干擾三種情況到時(shí)拾取結(jié)果的對(duì)比分析表明，所建立的初至到時(shí)拾取算法具有良好的拾取精度以及突出的應(yīng)用適應(yīng)能力。這一結(jié)果也得到了對(duì)歸來(lái)莊礦微地震信號(hào)初至到時(shí)拾取應(yīng)用實(shí)踐的證實(shí)。 (3)地震波波形特征的微地震事件震源定位研究結(jié)果表明，本文所提出的基于微震波波形的定位方法對(duì)傳感器的布網(wǎng)要求與采集到信號(hào)的傳感器數(shù)量要求比較低，能夠有效避免微震波在巖石中各向傳播速度不同而無(wú)法建立有效速度模型的缺陷。爆破振動(dòng)信號(hào)的定位分析驗(yàn)證了基于波形的微地震震源定位方法精度能夠滿足礦山定位的需要。 (4)結(jié)合歸來(lái)莊礦的實(shí)際情況，構(gòu)建了一套微地震監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，同時(shí)，開(kāi)發(fā)了與系統(tǒng)相配套的軟件。應(yīng)用實(shí)踐表明，該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、參數(shù)設(shè)置、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)等功能，達(dá)到了微地震監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的可視化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Micro-seismic monitoring technology has become the most effective method for real-time, on-line and long-distance monitoring of rock mass stability in mines. However, signal de-noising, picking up at time and location of seismic source are still the basic problems of its application and popularization.According to the need of rock mass stability monitoring in Huizhuang Mine of Shandong Gold Group, this paper applies the microseismic monitoring system developed by Shandong Gold Group Group to carry out systematic and targeted research around these three aspects.1) considering the non-stationary characteristics of the microseismic monitoring signal, a method of denoising the original signal by wavelet threshold denoising method is proposed.The wavelet threshold denoising signal has good consistency with the peak position of the original waveform. The de-noising signal can completely retain the details of monitoring the mutation of microseismic waves.This method can provide a good technical guarantee for accurate picking and judging of the first arrival of microseismic waves.2) using the function optimization fitting method, an algorithm of picking up the first arrival based on the microseismic wave waveform is established.The results of different sampling frequency, different window width and different noise interference show that the proposed algorithm has good picking accuracy and outstanding application adaptability.This result has also been confirmed by the practice of picking up the microseismic signal in Guizhuang Mine.The results show that the method based on microseismic wave waveform has low requirements for sensor network and the number of sensors collected.It can effectively avoid the defect that the propagation velocity of microseismic wave in rock is different and the effective velocity model can not be established.The localization analysis of blasting vibration signals verifies that the precision of micro-seismic source location method based on waveform can meet the needs of mine location.According to the actual situation of Xiuizhuang Mine, a set of micro-seismic monitoring system is constructed, and the corresponding software is developed.The application shows that the system can realize the functions of data acquisition, parameter setting and data storage, and reach the visualization standard of the micro-seismic monitoring system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P315.6

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