發(fā)布時間：2018-04-11 08:36

  本文選題：橡膠顆粒 + 離散元　； 參考：《長安大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：冬季的雨雪冰凍會造成路面濕滑，繼而會引發(fā)重大交通事故，不僅造成了巨大的財產(chǎn)損失，而且?guī)�來了嚴重的人員傷亡。目前，國內(nèi)外解決冬天道路結(jié)冰、積雪這一難題時，大多采用撒布融雪劑的方式。該方式融冰雪量相對小、效率低；腐蝕和破壞道路構(gòu)筑物；污染環(huán)境；嚴重損害道路、橋面的使用性能和壽命。將橡膠顆粒以骨料的形式直接摻配于瀝青混合料鋪筑自應力除冰雪路面技術不僅有效消除冰雪，還能合理利用廢舊輪胎。此種技術是將廢舊輪胎破碎而成的橡膠顆粒加入瀝青混合料，利用橡膠顆粒的高彈特性提高路面整體彈性，達到路面借助自身車輛荷載來融雪破冰的技術效果。 目前，國內(nèi)外已初步研究的橡膠顆粒瀝青路面早期破壞嚴重、耐久性差。因此，分析彈性路面早期破壞的原因、解決橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料的耐久性、分析除冰機理等均是橡膠顆粒瀝青路面除冰技術能否成功的關鍵問題。針對該問題，開展的主要研究如下： （1）建立微觀離散元模型。以斷級配和連續(xù)級配橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料為基礎建立模型，從細觀出發(fā)，計算普通瀝青混合料、橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料在荷載作用下力學與變形特性，從力學角度提出橡膠瀝青路面易破散的原因，并找出路面承載力與路面變形之間的關系，以此為基礎進一步提出路面耐久性的改善措施。 （2）完善配合比設計。以橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料的微觀模型和提出的提高路面耐久性措施為基礎，提出了配合比設計方法，并對比分析了斷級配和連續(xù)級配兩種混合料的路用性能。 （3）根據(jù)細觀結(jié)構(gòu)分析，得出橡膠顆粒瀝青路面松散破壞的機理，研究了目前規(guī)范中瀝青混合料水穩(wěn)定性試驗方法和抗飛散的試驗方法，提出了針對橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料耐久性評價的試驗方法，并將其與普通瀝青混合料進行對比分析，得出了針對橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料耐久性的評價指標。 （4）從細觀力學角度出發(fā)，提出了一種全新的微觀力學模型，該模型可預測多種復合材料彈性模量。以此模型為基礎，對橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料的理論值與實測值進行比較，分析各組成部分和材料性能對橡膠顆粒瀝青混合料整體彈性模量的影響。 （5）建立針對冰層的有限元模型。以斷裂力學為基礎，將根應變能密度因子準則做為冰層受力破壞的判據(jù)，，分析了溫度、冰層厚度、彈性模量三者對除冰能力之間的影響，并完成了室內(nèi)除冰模擬試驗，驗證了試驗結(jié)果。 （6）通過鋪筑試驗段，對試驗路的路用性能進行了跟蹤監(jiān)測，對試驗路的除冰效果進行了驗證。
[Abstract]:The freezing rain and snow in winter will make the road wet and slippery, which will lead to serious traffic accidents, which will not only cause huge property losses, but also bring serious casualties.At present, at home and abroad to solve the winter road ice, snow, most of the way to use snow melt agent.The method is relatively small and inefficient; corrodes and destroys road structures; pollutes the environment; seriously damages roads and bridge decks.The technology of directly mixing rubber particles with asphalt mixture in the form of aggregate can not only eliminate ice and snow effectively, but also make rational use of waste tires.This technology is to add rubber particles from broken waste tires into asphalt mixture to improve the overall elasticity of pavement by using the high elastic properties of rubber particles and to achieve the technical effect of melting snow and breaking ice with the aid of vehicle load.At present, the rubber particle asphalt pavement which has been preliminarily studied at home and abroad has serious early damage and poor durability.Therefore, analyzing the causes of early destruction of elastic pavement, solving the durability of rubber granular asphalt mixture, and analyzing the deicing mechanism are the key problems for the success of deicing technology of rubber granular asphalt pavement.In response to this issue, the main studies carried out are as follows:1) the micro discrete element model is established.Based on the model of broken gradation and continuous gradation of rubber granular asphalt mixture, the mechanical and deformation characteristics of ordinary asphalt mixture and rubber particle asphalt mixture under load are calculated from the viewpoint of meso.From the point of view of mechanics, this paper puts forward the causes of the breakage and dispersion of rubber asphalt pavement, and finds out the relationship between pavement bearing capacity and pavement deformation. Based on this, the improvement measures of pavement durability are put forward.2) perfect mix ratio design.Based on the micro model of rubber grained asphalt mixture and the measures to improve pavement durability, the design method of mix ratio is put forward, and the pavement performance of two kinds of mixture, broken grade and continuous gradation, is compared and analyzed.3) according to the analysis of meso-structure, the mechanism of loose damage of rubber granular asphalt pavement is obtained, and the test methods of water stability and anti-dispersion of asphalt mixture in present specification are studied.The test method for durability evaluation of rubber granular asphalt mixture is put forward, and compared with ordinary asphalt mixture, the evaluation index of rubber particle asphalt mixture durability is obtained.(4) from the viewpoint of meso-mechanics, a new micro-mechanics model is proposed, which can predict the elastic modulus of composite materials.On the basis of this model, the theoretical value of rubber granular asphalt mixture is compared with the measured value, and the influence of each component and material performance on the overall elastic modulus of rubber granular asphalt mixture is analyzed.The finite element model for ice layer is established.On the basis of fracture mechanics, the criterion of root strain energy density factor is used as the criterion of ice layer failure, the influence of temperature, ice thickness and elastic modulus on deicing ability is analyzed, and the indoor deicing simulation test is completed.The experimental results are verified.Through paving test section, the road performance of test road is tracked and monitored, and the deicing effect of test road is verified.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.217;U418.41

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本文編號：1735240