發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-27 13:29

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn)，現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境問題日益嚴(yán)峻，近年來在全國(guó)多個(gè)城市出現(xiàn)了較大范圍的霧霾天氣，警示我們對(duì)于環(huán)境的保護(hù)已經(jīng)刻不容緩，相關(guān)部門加強(qiáng)對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)和管理也是勢(shì)在必行。環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)作為環(huán)境管理的必要先行環(huán)節(jié)，是環(huán)境得以科學(xué)性管理的前提。在此背景下，本論文以湖南省服務(wù)區(qū)為樣本，對(duì)遠(yuǎn)程實(shí)時(shí)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)做了以下研究工作。 在對(duì)服務(wù)區(qū)的環(huán)境污染來源分析的基礎(chǔ)上，確定把公共廁所、空氣質(zhì)量、排污口這三個(gè)能夠準(zhǔn)確反映服務(wù)區(qū)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的對(duì)象作為檢測(cè)目標(biāo)，并確定了環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的8項(xiàng)監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)。結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外的環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)研究現(xiàn)狀，，在目前環(huán)境監(jiān)控平臺(tái)優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)和適用性的分析基礎(chǔ)上，以建立高速公路環(huán)境質(zhì)量信息化系統(tǒng)為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)了三層網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)總體方案，三層結(jié)構(gòu)分別是服務(wù)區(qū)環(huán)境檢測(cè)基本站點(diǎn)，市級(jí)高速公路環(huán)境管理站，省高速公路環(huán)境監(jiān)控指揮控制中心。對(duì)方案中的信息傳遞、各級(jí)通訊、站點(diǎn)硬件框架、系統(tǒng)各層級(jí)的功能結(jié)構(gòu)以及系統(tǒng)工作流程做了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)，點(diǎn)線面三層結(jié)構(gòu)的環(huán)境信息化系統(tǒng)方案能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的功能要求。 根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的總體方案設(shè)計(jì)，在遠(yuǎn)程控制原理比較基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)的關(guān)鍵通訊技術(shù)進(jìn)行了分析，先后對(duì)服務(wù)區(qū)站點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)基本單元內(nèi)部上下位機(jī)之間的通訊和上層基于瀏覽器服務(wù)器的通訊的實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了分析。 本文最后二章對(duì)服務(wù)區(qū)的環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)單元進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)和系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)。對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的原理、軟件設(shè)計(jì)、硬件設(shè)計(jì)、通訊協(xié)議等做了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。在系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)方面，以常德市桃花源服務(wù)區(qū)為例，搭建了排污口環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)的4指標(biāo)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，并對(duì)上位機(jī)程序的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)、歷史數(shù)據(jù)查詢、統(tǒng)計(jì)信息管理等基本功能。 環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)對(duì)改善當(dāng)前環(huán)境污染現(xiàn)狀、掌握環(huán)境保護(hù)規(guī)律和提高高速公路服務(wù)區(qū)的整體服務(wù)水平將有著重要的意義，本文內(nèi)容可以作為高速公路服務(wù)區(qū)管理部門和環(huán)境保護(hù)部門的參考資料。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of industrialization, the environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. In recent years, a large scale of haze weather has appeared in many cities in China, warning us that it is urgent to protect the environment. It is also imperative for relevant departments to strengthen environmental protection and management. Environmental monitoring is the prerequisite for the scientific management of environment as a necessary step in environmental management. Under this background, this paper takes Hunan service area as the sample, and does the following research work on the remote real-time environment monitoring system. On the basis of the analysis of the sources of environmental pollution in the service area, it is determined that the three objects which can accurately reflect the environmental quality of the service area, public toilets, air quality and sewage outlet, are taken as the detection targets. Eight monitoring indexes of the environmental monitoring system were determined. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages and applicability of the environmental monitoring platform at home and abroad, a highway environmental quality information system is established as the starting point. The overall scheme of environmental monitoring based on three-layer network structure is designed. The three-layer structure is the basic station of environmental detection in service area, the environmental management station of municipal expressway, and the command and control center of provincial expressway environment monitoring and control. The information transmission, communication at all levels, the hardware frame of the site, the functional structure of each level of the system and the workflow of the system are designed in detail. The environmental information system scheme with three layers of point line and surface structure can meet the functional requirements of the environmental monitoring system. According to the overall scheme design of the system, the key communication technology to realize environmental monitoring is analyzed on the basis of the comparison of remote control principle. The communication between the upper and lower computers in the basic unit of the service area site monitoring and the communication between the upper layer and the browser server are analyzed. In the last two chapters, the environment monitoring unit in the service area is designed and implemented in detail. The principle of the data acquisition system, software design, hardware design, communication protocol and so on have done the detailed design. In the realization of the system, taking the Taohuayuan service area of Changde city as an example, a monitoring system of four indexes for environmental monitoring of sewage outlet is set up, and the detailed design of the upper computer program realizes the real-time data monitoring and historical data query of the system. Statistical information management and other basic functions. The construction of environmental monitoring system will be of great significance to improve the current situation of environmental pollution, grasp the laws of environmental protection and improve the overall service level of the expressway service area. The content of this paper can be used as reference material for highway service area management department and environmental protection department.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TP277

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