發(fā)布時間：2018-07-13 12:23

【摘要】：風電發(fā)電在當今社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的地位越來越重要，這也意味著風力發(fā)電機的耐用性的地位越來越顯著。要保證有限的經(jīng)濟投入前提下，有效地獲得更多的能源，進而獲得更大的收益，是當今社會的風電發(fā)展的一項重要課題。隨著風力發(fā)電機組的容量越來越大，風電機在運行中受到的載荷也就越來越大，這就等于出現(xiàn)意外的概率越來越高。這就說明，人類在發(fā)展風力發(fā)電的同時，首先要考慮的就是風力發(fā)電機的安全性及有效性。于是，無論是國家或地區(qū)，還是風電企業(yè)，對風力發(fā)電機的壽命及其可靠性的研究越來越多。對機組要求越來越高，必然的，，為此所作的努力也越來越大。 對于風力發(fā)電機中各部分組件，傳動部分也就是齒輪箱，占有著舉足輕重的地位，越來越多的學者將目光聚焦到對齒輪增速箱的研究上，尤其是近些年來，大多數(shù)國家希望在齒輪箱技術(shù)上的自有化，更是耗費了大量的技術(shù)研究。對零件進一步到系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)分析、動態(tài)分析，對零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，對系統(tǒng)的可靠性分析，等等。而這所有的努力工作都是為了保證，齒輪箱傳動系統(tǒng)的壽命能夠越來越長，以保證風力發(fā)電的成果越來越顯著。 本文的主要目的就是為了對2MW風力發(fā)電機的齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)進行分析，對其可靠性進行研究，并進行優(yōu)化。課題得到陜西省自然基金（2010JM7017）和陜西省教育廳項目（2010JK418）的資助，針對山東省某風電科技集團的2MW風力發(fā)電機進行分析，對行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)和斜齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)分別說明，判斷他們各自在風載變化下的影響。同時，對系統(tǒng)中的滾動軸承的可靠性進行分析說明，在優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的前提下，對軸承可靠性進行優(yōu)化。本文的主要工作有： 首先，從整體分析2MW風力發(fā)電機的物理模型，分別建立行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)和斜齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的物理模型。對各組成部分（齒輪副）進行力學分析，討論他們的彈性變形，得出動力學微分方程。同時，考慮到實際的風力發(fā)電機的工作情況，分析了激勵力對系統(tǒng)的影響。 其次，利用數(shù)學方法，對系統(tǒng)的各微分方程進行求解說明，考慮風載變化的基礎上，對齒輪的使用系數(shù)、動載系數(shù)和滾動軸承的載荷系數(shù)進行表達式說明，并利用MATLAB進行數(shù)學求解。 接著，在對載荷系數(shù)說明的前提下，對系統(tǒng)的可靠性進行評估。分別建立齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)與滾動軸承的可靠性評估模型，得到串聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的可靠性評估模型，并計算相應的可靠度。 最后，利用MATLAB的優(yōu)化工具箱，進行齒輪箱系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)優(yōu)化。并利用優(yōu)化后的參數(shù)，重新選擇滾動軸承，并對傳動系統(tǒng)的可靠性重新進行計算說明，數(shù)據(jù)證明優(yōu)化后的齒輪箱體積變小，可靠度提高。
[Abstract]:Wind power generation is becoming more and more important in the social and economic development, which means that the durability of wind turbines is becoming more and more significant. Under the premise of limited economic investment, it is an important subject of wind power development to obtain more energy and gain more income. As the capacity of wind turbine becomes larger and larger, the load of wind turbine is more and more large in operation, which is equivalent to the higher probability of accidents. This shows that the safety and effectiveness of wind turbines should be considered in the development of wind power generation. Therefore, there are more and more researches on the life and reliability of wind turbines, whether in countries or regions or wind power enterprises. Higher and higher requirements for the unit, inevitably, this effort is also increasing. For the wind turbine components, the transmission part is the gearbox, which occupies a pivotal position. More and more scholars focus on the research of the gearbox, especially in recent years. Most countries want to be self-owned in gear box technology, but also spend a lot of technical research. Static analysis, dynamic analysis, structural analysis, reliability analysis, etc. All this hard work is to ensure that the gearbox drive system can live longer and longer to ensure that the results of wind power generation become more and more remarkable. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the parameters of the gear transmission system of 2MW wind turbine, study its reliability and optimize it. The project was funded by Shaanxi Provincial Natural Fund (2010 JM7017) and Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (2010 JK418), and analyzed the 2MW wind turbine of a wind power group in Shandong Province. The planetary gear transmission system and the helical gear transmission system were explained respectively. Judge their respective effects under wind load changes. At the same time, the reliability of rolling bearing in the system is analyzed, and the bearing reliability is optimized on the premise of optimizing the system parameters. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the physical models of planetary gear transmission system and helical gear transmission system are established from the overall analysis of the physical model of 2MW wind turbine. The mechanical analysis of each component (gear pair) is carried out, their elastic deformation is discussed, and the dynamic differential equation is obtained. At the same time, considering the actual working conditions of the wind turbine, the influence of the excitation force on the system is analyzed. Secondly, by using mathematical method, the differential equations of the system are solved and explained. On the basis of considering the variation of wind load, the use coefficient, dynamic load coefficient and load coefficient of rolling bearing are expressed. MATLAB is used to solve the problem. Then, the reliability of the system is evaluated on the premise of explaining the load coefficient. The reliability evaluation model of gear transmission system and rolling bearing is established, and the reliability evaluation model of series system is obtained, and the corresponding reliability is calculated. Finally, the optimization toolbox of MATLAB is used to optimize the parameters of the gearbox system. Using the optimized parameters, the rolling bearing is re-selected, and the reliability of the transmission system is recalculated. The data show that the optimized gear box is smaller in volume and higher in reliability.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH132.41

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