發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 12:43

【摘要】：納米馬達(dá)是一種應(yīng)用于多種領(lǐng)域（尤其是醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域），具有較大推重比，能實(shí)現(xiàn)物質(zhì)定向運(yùn)輸?shù)奈⒓{米級機(jī)械。這其中，自驅(qū)動(dòng)納米馬達(dá)因其利用環(huán)境中的物質(zhì)能量，并將能量轉(zhuǎn)化成自身運(yùn)動(dòng)所需動(dòng)能，實(shí)現(xiàn)自身運(yùn)動(dòng)而受到廣泛關(guān)注。目前，國內(nèi)外針對自驅(qū)動(dòng)納米馬達(dá)研究集中于雙氧水體系，通過鉑催化雙氧水分解，產(chǎn)生氧氣，實(shí)現(xiàn)納米馬達(dá)自驅(qū)動(dòng)。但是，由于其對環(huán)境體系（雙氧水）的依賴性，使之不適于人體內(nèi)藥物領(lǐng)域的廣泛使用。通過對人體體液成分的分析可知，以酸環(huán)境為主的消化液占用人體體液的重要比重。因此，本文基于納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)理論，通過對納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)原理的深入分析，設(shè)計(jì)并制備一種新型錐形管狀納米馬達(dá)模型，并對其運(yùn)動(dòng)影響因素及控制方法進(jìn)行研究。 建立錐形雙層管狀納米馬達(dá)理論模型，對氣泡驅(qū)動(dòng)納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析，并著重分析影響納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)速度的重要因素�？紤]酸溶液腐蝕特性，酸溶液氫離子特性，化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率，制備方法及安全性等因素，設(shè)計(jì)納米馬達(dá)物質(zhì)組成。 采用模板電沉積方法，制定納米馬達(dá)外殼制備工藝，并通過顯微成像方式，分析影響納米馬達(dá)外殼制備厚度的主要因素，得到了納米馬達(dá)外殼厚度與沉積電量的關(guān)系。同時(shí)，比較不同電沉積方法對內(nèi)孔溶質(zhì)形貌的影響，并完善納米馬達(dá)分離工藝。 分析納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)速度影響因素。采用實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，研究不同pH值，不同酸種類條件，不同反應(yīng)時(shí)間下，納米馬達(dá)速度變化規(guī)律。同時(shí)，采用實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，研究溶液粘度對納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)的影響規(guī)律。 采取非接觸式磁性控制，改變原有鎳金屬附著工藝，，利用模板電沉積工藝取代金屬濺射工藝，實(shí)現(xiàn)納米馬達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制。 采用原電池原理，結(jié)合納米馬達(dá)制備方法，優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)新型原電池納米馬達(dá)，并與原有納米馬達(dá)在同種條件下運(yùn)動(dòng)情況進(jìn)行分析比對，驗(yàn)證提速效果。
[Abstract]:Nano motor is a kind of micro and nano scale machinery which can be used in many fields, especially in medical field, and has a large push-weight ratio and can realize the directional transportation of materials. Among them, self-driving nanometer-motor is widely concerned because it uses the matter energy in the environment, and converts the energy into the kinetic energy needed by its own motion to realize its own motion. At present, the research on self-driving nanometer-motor is focused on hydrogen peroxide system at home and abroad, through platinum catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen, realize self-drive of nano-motor. However, due to its dependence on the environmental system (hydrogen peroxide), it is not suitable for the wide use of human medicine. Through the analysis of body fluid composition, it can be seen that digestive fluid mainly in acid environment occupies the important proportion of body fluid. Therefore, based on the theory of nanometer motor motion, a new type of conical tubular nano motor model is designed and fabricated by analyzing the motion principle of nano motor, and the influence factors and control methods of its motion are studied. The theoretical model of conical double-layer tubular nano-motor is established to analyze the motion mechanism of bubble driven nano-motor and the important factors that affect the movement speed of nano-motor are emphatically analyzed. Considering the corrosion characteristics of acid solution, hydrogen ion characteristics of acid solution, chemical reaction rate, preparation method and safety, the composition of nano-motor was designed. The preparation process of nano-motor shell was established by template electrodeposition method. The main factors affecting the thickness of nano-motor shell were analyzed by microscopic imaging method. The relationship between the thickness of nano-motor shell and the electric quantity of deposition was obtained. At the same time, the effects of different electrodeposition methods on the morphology of inner pore solute were compared, and the separation process of nanometer motor was improved. The factors influencing the movement speed of nano motor are analyzed. By using the experimental method, the variation of the speed of the nanometer motor was studied under different pH value, different kinds of acid conditions and different reaction time. At the same time, the effect of solution viscosity on the motion state of nano motor was studied by experimental method. The non-contact magnetic control was adopted to change the original nickel metal adhesion process and the metal sputtering process was replaced by the template electrodeposition process to realize the motion control of the nano-motor. Based on the principle of primary battery and the preparation method of nano motor, the new nano motor of primary battery is optimized and compared with the original nano motor under the same conditions to verify the effect of increasing speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH-39

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