發(fā)布時間：2018-07-29 08:14

【摘要】：斗輪堆取料機是連續(xù)式散貨堆取料工藝的核心,擁有較高的生產(chǎn)效率。在取料過程中,懸臂梁在斗輪周期性挖掘阻力作用下的動態(tài)響應(yīng)嚴重影響著整機結(jié)構(gòu)的性能和壽命。當斗輪堆取料機受到一定頻率的外載時,可能使整機結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生共振,從而導致斗輪堆取料機結(jié)構(gòu)的失效或更為嚴重的倒塌事故。因此,對斗輪堆取料機結(jié)構(gòu)進行動力學特性的研究分析有著重要的作用和意義。 對于斗輪堆取料機結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計,傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法是首先對結(jié)構(gòu)進行基于靜力學的設(shè)計,然后對物理樣機進行試驗,而有些試驗是破壞性的。在試驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)了設(shè)計缺點并進行完修改之后,再重新設(shè)計或者維修好物理樣機再試驗。如此反復的設(shè)計過程制造出了高成本、長周期的產(chǎn)品。 本文的研究對象為粵電集團珠海發(fā)電廠的DQL3000/3000·50型斗輪堆取料機,是由日本三菱重工制造并于1998年投產(chǎn)的大型煤炭裝卸機械。該機結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)較為復雜,本文運用剛?cè)狁詈系慕�模方法對斗輪堆取料機整機進行動力學仿真計算,獲得了斗輪堆取料機在各種工況運行過程中關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的變化情況。本文針對斗輪堆取料機動力學計算所關(guān)心的問題作了以下幾個方面的工作： (1)斗輪堆取料機結(jié)構(gòu)剛?cè)狁詈辖�模技術(shù)的研究。利用Solidworks、 ANSYS、ADAMS等機械設(shè)計輔助軟件建立斗輪堆取料機結(jié)構(gòu)的剛?cè)狁詈隙囿w動力學模型。根據(jù)斗輪堆取料機的實際工作情況,對斗輪堆取料機模型進行合理的約束,并施加相應(yīng)的挖掘阻力和各工作機構(gòu)的驅(qū)動函數(shù)。 (2)對斗輪堆取料機進行典型作業(yè)工況下的動力學仿真計算。通過對斗輪堆取料機整機不同工況下的動力學仿真計算結(jié)果的分析,首先研究了懸臂梁在自重作用下的振動特性和水平激振特性；然后分別研究了斗輪堆取料機在回轉(zhuǎn)、調(diào)車以及變幅三個工況下的動力學響應(yīng)特性,獲得了柔性體結(jié)構(gòu)上關(guān)鍵節(jié)點的應(yīng)力值以及斗輪機結(jié)構(gòu)上特征點的位移振動曲線。通過對獲取的參數(shù)進行了合理的分析,驗證了基于虛擬樣機技術(shù)的斗輪堆取料機動力學設(shè)計的優(yōu)越性。 本文將虛擬樣機技術(shù)應(yīng)用于斗輪堆取機這一龐大而又復雜的結(jié)構(gòu)動態(tài)特性分析,是一項復雜而又艱巨的任務(wù),也是一次有意義的嘗試。本文的動力學計算結(jié)果和方法也為之后對斗輪堆取料機結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計提供有價值的參考。
[Abstract]:Bucket wheel stacker is the core of the continuous bulk stacking process with high production efficiency. The dynamic response of cantilever beam under the action of periodic excavating resistance of bucket wheel seriously affects the performance and life of the whole machine structure. When the bucket wheel stacker is subjected to a certain frequency of external loading, the structure of the bucket wheel stacker may resonate, resulting in the failure of the structure of the bucket wheel stacker or the more serious collapse accident. Therefore, it is very important to study and analyze the dynamic characteristics of bucket wheel stacker. For the structure design of bucket wheel stacker, the traditional design method is to design the structure based on statics first, and then to test the physical prototype, some of which are destructive. The defects of the design are found in the experiment, and then the physical prototype is redesigned or maintained. Such repeated design processes produce high-cost, long-term products. The research object of this paper is DQL3000/3000 50 bucket wheel stacker in Zhuhai Power Plant of Guangdong Power Group. It is a large coal loading and unloading machine manufactured by Mitsubishi heavy Industry of Japan and put into production in 1998. The structure system of this machine is more complicated. In this paper, the dynamic simulation calculation of the bucket wheel stacker is carried out by using the rigid-flexible coupling modeling method, and the variation of the key parameters of the bucket wheel stacker during the operation process is obtained. In this paper, the following work has been done on the dynamic calculation of bucket wheel stacker: (1) the rigid-flexible coupling modeling technology of bucket wheel stacker. The rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamics model of bucket wheel stacker was established by using Solidworks, ANSYS Adams and other mechanical design aids. According to the actual working conditions of bucket wheel stacker, the model of bucket wheel stacker is reasonably constrained. The corresponding excavation resistance and the driving function of each working mechanism are applied. (2) the dynamic simulation of bucket wheel stacker under typical working conditions is carried out. Based on the analysis of the dynamic simulation results of the bucket wheel stacker under different working conditions, the vibration characteristics and horizontal excitation characteristics of the cantilever beam under the action of self-weight are studied firstly, and then the rotation of the bucket wheel stacker is studied respectively. The dynamic response characteristics under shunting and variable amplitude conditions are obtained. The stress values of key nodes in flexible body structure and the displacement vibration curves of characteristic points on bucket wheel structure are obtained. Through the reasonable analysis of the obtained parameters, the superiority of dynamic design of bucket wheel stacker based on virtual prototyping technology is verified. In this paper, the application of virtual prototyping technology to the analysis of the large and complex structure dynamic characteristics of bucket wheel stacker is a complex and arduous task as well as a meaningful attempt. The results and methods of dynamic calculation in this paper also provide a valuable reference for the design of bucket wheel stacker structure.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH24;TH237.1

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本文編號：2152062