發(fā)布時間：2018-04-20 06:13

  本文選題：東山硅藻土礦區(qū) + GMS軟件��； 參考：《成都理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：東山硅藻土礦區(qū)地處敦化-密山斷裂帶控制的新生代斷陷盆地,盆地內(nèi)為新近系中新統(tǒng)土門子組(N_1t)地層,巖性主要由砂巖、硅藻土、含硅藻粘土及玄武巖組成。硅藻土礦主要賦存于N_1t地層,該地層固結程度較差,地質和水文地質條件復雜,富水性較好,礦層開采難度較大,準確合理的預測涌水量為未來該礦區(qū)礦山安全開采、排水方案設計等提供理論依據(jù),對指導同類硅藻土礦山開采具有重要的科學意義。論文以水文地質學、工程地質學、地下水動力學等理論為基礎,綜合應用水文地質調查、抽水試驗以及室內(nèi)試驗等技術手段,并采用“大井法”、“水均衡法”和“數(shù)值模擬”等方法預測東山硅藻土礦區(qū)礦坑涌水量。獲得研究成果如下:(1)硅藻土礦層作為隔水層分布于全區(qū),近水平產(chǎn)出,局部與頂板含水層直接接觸。K_1號礦層的主要頂板充水含水層為N_1t~3,含水層厚度大、富水性中等,地下水類型為碎屑巖類裂隙孔隙水;K_2號礦層的主要頂板充水含水層為N_1t~8,含水層厚度分布不均、富水性弱,地下水類型為玄武巖孔洞裂隙水。(2)結合研究區(qū)水文地質特征,構建含(隔)水層與礦層垂向空間結構模型分別為Qh~(al)松散巖類含水層+Qp_1j、Qp_3n和N_1t~(10+8)玄武巖含水層+N_1t~7(K_2號礦層)隔水層+N_1t~(6+4)玄武巖含水層+N_1t~3砂巖含水層+N_1t~2(K_1號礦層)隔水層+N_1t~1砂礫巖含水層組合結構。(3)依據(jù)研究區(qū)地質、水文地質資料建立了三維地質模型和水文地質概念模型;以地質模型和水文地質概念模型為基礎,建立了能夠描述和反映研究區(qū)地下水流動特征的數(shù)學模型,再運用GMS中MODFLOW模塊構建了研究區(qū)三維地下水數(shù)值模型,隨后運用研究區(qū)35個水位觀測孔數(shù)據(jù)對模型進行穩(wěn)定流識別與校正,最后運用J_(03)和JG_(03)抽水試驗觀測數(shù)據(jù)對模型進行非穩(wěn)定流識別與校正。實際水位觀測值與模型計算水位值擬合較好,表明本次模擬選取的水文參數(shù),邊界條件和源匯項概化都很合理,所建模型可靠,可用于礦區(qū)涌水量預測。(4)基于識別和驗證后的模型,采用GMS中Well(抽水井)模塊在開采區(qū)設置6口抽水井進行疏降水,預測雨季礦坑最大涌水量為7800m~3/d;通過“大井法”和“水均衡法”計算出的涌水量分別為8044m~3/d和7714m~3/d,與采用模型預測的最大涌水量之間差距分別為3.13%和1.10%,三種方法所得結果較接近,相互印證,進一步的驗證了數(shù)學模型的可靠性。
[Abstract]:The Dongshan diatomite mine is located in the Cenozoic faulted basin controlled by the Dunhua-Mishan fault zone. The basin is composed of sandstone, diatomite, diatom clay and basalt. The diatomite deposit mainly occurs in Nji 1t formation, which has poor consolidation degree, complex geological and hydrogeological conditions, good water enrichment and difficulty in mining ore bed. The accurate and reasonable prediction of water inflow is the safe mining of the mine in the future. The design of drainage scheme is of great scientific significance for guiding diatomite mining. Based on the theories of hydrogeology, engineering geology, groundwater dynamics and so on, the paper applies the techniques of hydrogeological investigation, pumping test and laboratory test, and adopts "large well method". The methods of water balance and numerical simulation are used to predict the water inflow of Dongshan diatomite mine. The results of the study are as follows: (1) diatomite ore beds are distributed in the whole area as a water-separating layer, producing near level. The main roof filling aquifer of the substratum. K1 is directly in contact with the roof aquifer. The main roof filling aquifer is N1t / 3, and the aquifer is thick and medium water-rich. The groundwater type is the main roof water-filled aquifer of clastic rock fissures and pore water, the aquifer is N1t ~ (8), the thickness of aquifer is uneven, the water-rich is weak, and the type of groundwater is basalt pore and fissure water. 2) combined with the hydrogeological characteristics of the study area. The model of vertical spatial structure of water-bearing (separated) aquifer and ore bed is Qhlangalao) Qp1j-Qp3n and N_1t~(10 _ 8) Qp1J / Qp3n and N_1t~(10 _ 8) basalt aquifer, N_1t~7(K_2) water-isolated layer, N_1t~(6 _ 4) basalt aquifer, N_1t~3 sandstone aquifer, N_1t~2(K_1 ore deposit, respectively, Qp1J / Qp3n and N_1t~(10 _ 8). N_1t~1 sand gravel aquifer assemblage structure. 3) according to the geology of the study area, Based on the geological model and hydrogeological conceptual model, a mathematical model which can describe and reflect the characteristics of groundwater flow in the study area is established. The 3D groundwater numerical model of the study area is constructed by using the MODFLOW module in GMS, and then the steady flow is identified and corrected by using the data of 35 water level observation holes in the study area. Finally, the unsteady flow is identified and corrected by using the observation data of the pumping test. The actual water level observed value fits well with the calculated water level value of the model, which indicates that the hydrological parameters, boundary conditions and source and sink terms selected by this simulation are all reasonable, and the model is reliable. Based on the identified and verified model, well (pumping well) module in GMS is used to set up 6 pumping wells in the mining area for thinning and dewatering. The predicted maximum inflow of mine in rainy season is 7800mg / d, and the water inflow calculated by "large well method" and "water balance method" is 8044m~3/d and 7714mg / d, respectively, and the difference between the maximum water inflow predicted by the model and that predicted by the model is 3.13% and 1.10%, respectively. The results obtained by the three methods are close to each other. Mutual verification further verifies the reliability of the mathematical model.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD742;P641.46

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