發(fā)布時間：2018-06-05 17:01

  本文選題：金屬離子 + 納米材料　； 參考：《吉首大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：離子印跡技術(shù)作為印跡技術(shù)的重要分支,以離子為模板,通過螯合、聚合、洗脫而制備對模板離子具有特異識別性能的印跡材料。這種離子印跡聚合物具有高識別性能和抗干擾能力強(qiáng)等特點,為實現(xiàn)離子的檢測與分離提供了一個新方法。鑒于電化學(xué)分析很難直接檢測痕量金屬離子,本文將利用納米材料,包括以氧化石墨烯,碳納米管,氧化石墨烯足球烯復(fù)合物為修飾材料提高電極靈敏度,結(jié)合離子印跡技術(shù),構(gòu)建一系列制備簡單,靈敏度高,快速檢測的離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器,對痕微量鉛離子、銅離子、鎘離子等金屬離子進(jìn)行檢測。具體如下:一、以采用銅離子為模板離子,多巴胺為功能單體與交聯(lián)劑,形成預(yù)組裝溶液,在石墨烯修飾碳電極表面發(fā)生電聚合形成銅離子印跡層,制備的銅離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器。并以電化學(xué)檢測方法對銅離子印跡傳感器的性能進(jìn)行了探究。結(jié)果表明,在濃度為5.0×10-6~5.0×10-11mol/L的范圍內(nèi),銅離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器的銅離子濃度的負(fù)對數(shù)和響應(yīng)電流之間呈現(xiàn)出較好的線性關(guān)系,最低檢測限為1.0×10-11mol/L。將銅離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器應(yīng)用于檢測環(huán)境水樣中的微量銅離子。二、用Pb(Ⅱ)與Cd(Ⅱ)為雙模板離子,L-組氨酸與二乙烯三胺基丙基三甲氧基硅烷為功能單體,制備雙離子印跡聚合物,并修飾在碳納米管修飾電極表面。實驗結(jié)果表明該研印跡電化學(xué)傳感器能同時檢測兩種金屬離子,雙離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器對金屬離子的檢測快速、靈敏。在優(yōu)化條件下,在3.0×10-10~3.0×10-7 mol/L范圍內(nèi),該印跡傳感器的響應(yīng)電流與Pb(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)濃度的負(fù)對數(shù)濃度表現(xiàn)出良好的線性關(guān)系,最低檢出限分別為1.5×10-11mol/L和3.0×10-10mol/L(S/N=3)。在水樣、頭發(fā)和牛奶中檢測金屬離子結(jié)果良好。三、以Pb(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)為多模板離子,甲基丙烯酸與乙二胺四乙酸為功能單體,偶氮二異丁腈為引發(fā)劑,在乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯作用下發(fā)生交聯(lián)反應(yīng),制備成多離子印跡聚合物。用滴涂法修飾至氧化石墨烯足球烯電極表面研制新型多離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器。用循環(huán)伏安法(CV)、電化學(xué)阻抗法(EIS)與差分脈沖伏安法(DPV)等檢測的方法對多離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器的性能進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明在離子濃度1.0×10-6~1.0×10-9 mol/L范圍內(nèi),多離子印跡電化學(xué)傳感器的離子濃度與響應(yīng)電流的負(fù)對數(shù)之間,具有較好的線性關(guān)系。并成功地應(yīng)用于土壤、植物等中的多種金屬離子的同時檢測。
[Abstract]:Ion imprinting technology is an important branch of imprinting technology. The imprinted materials with special recognition ability to template ions are prepared by chelating polymerization and elution using ions as templates. The ion-imprinted polymer has the advantages of high recognition performance and strong anti-interference ability, which provides a new method for ion detection and separation. In view of the fact that electrochemical analysis is difficult to detect trace metal ions directly, nano-materials, including graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and graphene oxide complex, are used to improve the electrode sensitivity. A series of ion imprinted electrochemical sensors with simple, high sensitivity and rapid detection were constructed to detect trace lead ion, copper ion, cadmium ion and so on. The main results are as follows: first, copper ion was used as template ion, dopamine as functional monomer and crosslinking agent to form preassembled solution, and copper ion imprinted layer was formed by electropolymerization on the surface of graphene modified carbon electrode. Copper ion imprinted electrochemical sensor was prepared. The performance of copper ion imprinting sensor was investigated by electrochemical detection. The results show that there is a good linear relationship between the negative logarithm of copper ion concentration and the response current of copper ion imprinted electrochemical sensor in the concentration range of 5.0 脳 10 ~ (-6) ~ (-1) 脳 10 ~ (-11) mol / L, and the lowest detection limit is 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-11) mol 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). Copper ion imprinted electrochemical sensor was applied to the determination of trace copper ions in environmental water samples. Secondly, double ion imprinted polymers were prepared by using Pb (鈪，

本文編號：1982766