發(fā)布時間：2018-03-16 10:24

  本文選題：“三農(nóng)”問題　切入點：財政政策　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,愈益嚴(yán)峻的“三農(nóng)”問題已成為我國現(xiàn)代化進程整體推進的最大“瓶頸”約束。隨著我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展進入新的階段,適時解決“三農(nóng)”問題已成為全社會的共識。進入21世紀(jì)以來,政府的確采取了大量的政策調(diào)整和改革措施,朝著解決“三農(nóng)”問題的方向不斷的努力。勿庸諱言的是,雖然有局部緩解,但從總體上看,“三農(nóng)”問題并沒有出現(xiàn)根本好轉(zhuǎn)的勢頭。并且,就在我們花大力氣解決問題的時候,我們的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距還不合理的擴大了。這促使我們重新審視為解決“三農(nóng)”問題所進行的所有政策調(diào)整和改革措施是否存在重大偏差和失誤。 本文正是在這種理性審視的基礎(chǔ)上研究解決“三農(nóng)”問題的財政政策。文章首先論述了財政政策支持“三農(nóng)”問題的必要性和緊迫性;其次,分析了我國現(xiàn)行財政支農(nóng)政策中存在的問題;其次,通過回顧建國以來財政支農(nóng)政策的演變歷程,追根溯源,分析“三農(nóng)”問題產(chǎn)生的深層原因;最后,針對現(xiàn)行政策中存在的問題,并借鑒國外支農(nóng)政策的經(jīng)驗,提出相應(yīng)的財政政策建議。 我的結(jié)論是,從一定意義上講,目前的“三農(nóng)”問題已經(jīng)和過去的農(nóng)業(yè)問題發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化,如果說過去的農(nóng)業(yè)問題主要表現(xiàn)在宏觀經(jīng)濟層面上的諸如糧食產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)等問題的話,則現(xiàn)在的“三農(nóng)”問題已經(jīng)從單純的國民經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展問題演變成一個以收入分配、公平待遇為核心的社會經(jīng)濟問題。因此,中國農(nóng)業(yè)的周期性波動不是主要由供求關(guān)系等市場力量所決定的,而是主要由政策偏差和政府行為的不良偏好所決定的。建國初至今的財政政策偏差是“三農(nóng)”問題產(chǎn)生的根源,農(nóng)民的末等公民地位是農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村不景氣的深層原因。只有轉(zhuǎn)變觀念,打破城鄉(xiāng)藩籬,取消“一國兩策”,取消任何形式的身份歧視,給農(nóng)民以同等的國民待遇,改革不平等的財政體制,才是解決“三農(nóng)”問題的治本之策。從長遠和全局看,要根本解決“三農(nóng)”問題有必要將尚未徹底完成的農(nóng)村改革進一步推向深入。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the increasingly severe problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" has become the biggest "bottleneck" constraint for the overall advancement of China's modernization process. As China's economic development enters a new stage, Since 21th century, the government has indeed adopted a large number of policy adjustments and reform measures, and has been making continuous efforts in the direction of solving the "three rural" problems. Although there has been partial relief, on the whole, the "three rural" problems have not shown a fundamental improvement. And, just as we are making great efforts to solve the problems, Our income gap between urban and rural areas has been widened unreasonably. This has prompted us to re-examine whether there are any major deviations and mistakes in all the policy adjustments and reform measures to solve the "three rural" problems. On the basis of this rational examination, this paper studies the fiscal policy to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". Firstly, the article discusses the necessity and urgency of fiscal policy to support the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers"; secondly, This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current financial policy of supporting agriculture in our country; secondly, by reviewing the evolution of the policy of supporting agriculture in finance since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and tracing back to the source, it analyzes the deep causes of the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". In view of the problems existing in the current policies and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign agricultural support policies, the corresponding fiscal policy suggestions are put forward. My conclusion is that, in a certain sense, the current "three rural" problems have undergone qualitative changes with the past agricultural problems. If the agricultural problems of the past were mainly manifested in macroeconomic aspects such as grain production, In the case of agricultural industries, the current "three rural" problems have evolved from a simple coordinated development of the national economy to a social and economic problem with income distribution and fair treatment as the core. The cyclical fluctuations in Chinese agriculture are not mainly determined by market forces such as supply and demand. It is mainly determined by the policy deviation and the bad preference of the government's behavior. The fiscal policy deviation from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the present is the root cause of the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". The ultimate civil status of peasants is the deep cause of the recession in agriculture and rural areas. Only by changing ideas, breaking down barriers between urban and rural areas, abolishing "one country, two policies", abolishing any form of identity discrimination, giving farmers equal national treatment, The reform of the unequal financial system is the solution to the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". In the long run and the overall situation, it is necessary to push the rural reform which has not yet been completed thoroughly to further deepen in the long run and the overall situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：F812.0

【引證文獻】

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1 穆萬科;;財政資金支持新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的職能作用[J];改革與開放;2009年10期

2 王龍;;財政資金支持新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的職能作用[J];科技經(jīng)濟市場;2006年12期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 董嵐;農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給的財政法問題研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 DAFITSE ALAIN FREDERIC（阿拉）;中國農(nóng)業(yè)財政政策及其對馬達加斯加的啟示[D];吉林大學(xué);2011年

2 陳湃然;我國財政支農(nóng)政策研究[D];中共中央黨校;2011年

3 于立俊;促進農(nóng)民增收的財政政策研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2008年

4 袁春煜;新農(nóng)村建設(shè)背景下我國財政支農(nóng)政策評估與完善[D];安徽大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號：1619513