斯巴達(dá)雙王制探賾
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-19 11:49
【摘要】： 斯巴達(dá)雙王制是斯巴達(dá)城邦政制的重要內(nèi)容之一。素為古今學(xué)者所重視。 就古典文獻(xiàn)來看，雙王制就是斯巴達(dá)城邦中雙王并立的體制。其主要內(nèi)容包括：1、就形式而言，其為兩個(gè)地位平等的王族——阿基斯族與歐律蓬族的并立，王位分別在兩王族內(nèi)部獨(dú)立世襲；2、就實(shí)質(zhì)而言，雙王是斯巴達(dá)城邦中的世襲公職，其權(quán)力受到來自公民大會、長老會及監(jiān)察官等職官的制衡。 斯巴達(dá)兩王族并立的格局是在這支多里亞人進(jìn)入伯羅奔尼撒半島的過程形成的。它起源于這支多里亞人內(nèi)部諸部落間政治勢力的分化與重組。阿基斯族出自許羅斯部，原本即為這支多里亞人的首領(lǐng)，其世系較為古老；歐律蓬族則起于杜瑪斯部或帕姆菲魯斯部，是后起的王族。在這一過程中，忒拜的埃格烏斯族起到至關(guān)重要的作用，其介入直接推動了兩王族并立格局的出現(xiàn)。而雙王制正是在這種兩王族并立的基礎(chǔ)上形成的。 古典時(shí)代的斯巴達(dá)雙王制是斯巴達(dá)雙王制發(fā)展的成熟形態(tài)，而此前的雙王制可以稱為早期斯巴達(dá)雙王制。在這種體制下，斯巴達(dá)王所擁有的基本權(quán)利為宗教祭祀權(quán)與軍事統(tǒng)帥權(quán)。這兩項(xiàng)權(quán)力構(gòu)成斯巴達(dá)王權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)，其司法權(quán)、提案權(quán)及種種特權(quán)均來源于此。經(jīng)過來庫古改革、監(jiān)察官設(shè)立及“公元前506年軍事法案”頒布，，早期斯巴達(dá)雙王制最終演變?yōu)楣诺鋾r(shí)代的斯巴達(dá)雙王制。
[Abstract]:Spartan dual-king system is one of the important contents of Spartan city-state political system. The ancient and modern scholars attach importance to the element. As far as classical literature is concerned, the double-king system is the system in which the two kings stand side by side in the Spartan city-states. The main contents are as follows: (1) in form, it is the coexistence of the two equal royal tribes, the Akeis and the Euruben, and the throne is inherited independently within the two royal families, and (2) in essence, Two kings are hereditary public office in the Spartan city-state, whose powers are balanced by officials from the Council of Citizens, the Presbyterian Council, and the Ombudsman. The coexistence of the two Spartans was formed during the entry of the Doria into the Peloponnesian Peninsula. It originated from the division and reorganization of the political forces among the tribes within the Doria people. The Akeis, originally the head of the Doria, came from the Schuroth, with an ancient lineage, while the Eurubonians, from the Dumas or Pamphilus, were later royalty. In this process, the Eagus of Tebai played a vital role, and its intervention directly promoted the emergence of the two kingdoms standing side by side. And the double-king system was formed on the basis of the two kings standing side by side. The Spartan double king system in the classical era was the mature form of the development of the Spartan double king system, and the previous double king system could be called the early Spartan double king system. In this system, the basic rights of Spartan were the right of religious sacrifice and the power of military commander. These two powers form the basis of Spartan Wang Quan's jurisdiction, proposal and privileges. After the reform of Lakugu, the establishment of the inspector and the promulgation of the military Act of 506 BC, the early Spartan dualist system eventually evolved into the Spartan dualist system in the classical era.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K125
本文編號：2281027
[Abstract]:Spartan dual-king system is one of the important contents of Spartan city-state political system. The ancient and modern scholars attach importance to the element. As far as classical literature is concerned, the double-king system is the system in which the two kings stand side by side in the Spartan city-states. The main contents are as follows: (1) in form, it is the coexistence of the two equal royal tribes, the Akeis and the Euruben, and the throne is inherited independently within the two royal families, and (2) in essence, Two kings are hereditary public office in the Spartan city-state, whose powers are balanced by officials from the Council of Citizens, the Presbyterian Council, and the Ombudsman. The coexistence of the two Spartans was formed during the entry of the Doria into the Peloponnesian Peninsula. It originated from the division and reorganization of the political forces among the tribes within the Doria people. The Akeis, originally the head of the Doria, came from the Schuroth, with an ancient lineage, while the Eurubonians, from the Dumas or Pamphilus, were later royalty. In this process, the Eagus of Tebai played a vital role, and its intervention directly promoted the emergence of the two kingdoms standing side by side. And the double-king system was formed on the basis of the two kings standing side by side. The Spartan double king system in the classical era was the mature form of the development of the Spartan double king system, and the previous double king system could be called the early Spartan double king system. In this system, the basic rights of Spartan were the right of religious sacrifice and the power of military commander. These two powers form the basis of Spartan Wang Quan's jurisdiction, proposal and privileges. After the reform of Lakugu, the establishment of the inspector and the promulgation of the military Act of 506 BC, the early Spartan dualist system eventually evolved into the Spartan dualist system in the classical era.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K125
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 祝宏俊;;斯巴達(dá)的“監(jiān)察官”[J];歷史研究;2005年05期
本文編號：2281027
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