DRM范式下情緒詞錯(cuò)誤記憶的表征及提取特點(diǎn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-16 21:16
【摘要】：不同情緒詞對(duì)正確記憶有顯著促進(jìn)作用的同時(shí),記憶中的錯(cuò)誤還表現(xiàn)出情緒效價(jià)間的分離,消極詞會(huì)促進(jìn)記憶中的錯(cuò)誤,而積極詞會(huì)抑制記憶中的錯(cuò)誤。錯(cuò)誤記憶作為一種特殊的記憶錯(cuò)誤現(xiàn)象,不同情緒詞同樣會(huì)對(duì)錯(cuò)誤記憶產(chǎn)生不同影響,消極詞會(huì)促進(jìn)錯(cuò)誤記憶水平,而積極詞會(huì)抑制錯(cuò)誤記憶水平。本研究將通過DRM范式,共設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)以情緒詞為材料的實(shí)驗(yàn),通過改變學(xué)習(xí)階段和提取階段的任務(wù)形式,考察情緒詞錯(cuò)誤記憶的認(rèn)知機(jī)制。探究是否積極詞具有字面表征加工優(yōu)勢,消極詞具有要點(diǎn)表征加工優(yōu)勢;積極詞和消極詞的監(jiān)測加工機(jī)制差異。實(shí)驗(yàn)一在學(xué)習(xí)階段采用字體判斷任務(wù),控制被試對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)詞表進(jìn)行字面表征加工。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),積極詞在字體判斷任務(wù)下具有更強(qiáng)的錯(cuò)誤記憶抑制能力,表現(xiàn)出字面表征加工優(yōu)勢;消極詞錯(cuò)誤記憶水平并沒有受實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)影響,表現(xiàn)出顯著高于積極詞和中性詞的要點(diǎn)加工優(yōu)勢,消極詞加工更自動(dòng)化。實(shí)驗(yàn)二在學(xué)習(xí)階段采用熟悉度判斷任務(wù),控制被試對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)詞表進(jìn)行要點(diǎn)表征加工。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),消極詞在熟悉度判斷任務(wù)下具有更強(qiáng)的錯(cuò)誤記憶促進(jìn)能力,表現(xiàn)出要點(diǎn)表征加工優(yōu)勢;積極詞錯(cuò)誤記憶水平受實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)顯著影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)三在相同學(xué)習(xí)階段任務(wù)條件下,采用不同再認(rèn)階段任務(wù)(一般再認(rèn)/精確再認(rèn)),進(jìn)一步探究不同情緒詞加工機(jī)制差異。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),消極詞具有要點(diǎn)表征加工優(yōu)勢,并且加工受任務(wù)形式影響小,更自動(dòng)化;積極詞加工受任務(wù)形式影響大,在字面表征加工受到抑制的情況下,表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)于消極詞的監(jiān)測能力,進(jìn)而抑制錯(cuò)誤記憶。三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,不同情緒詞錯(cuò)誤記憶機(jī)制有所不同,積極詞具有淺層字面表征加工優(yōu)勢,且監(jiān)測能力更強(qiáng),加工機(jī)制受實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)影響較大,只有在任務(wù)指向字面加工時(shí)其加工優(yōu)勢才得以體現(xiàn),更偏向控制編碼加工。消極詞具有深層要點(diǎn)表征加工優(yōu)勢,且監(jiān)測能力較弱,加工機(jī)制受實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)影響較小,更偏向自動(dòng)化加工。學(xué)習(xí)階段詞表性質(zhì)和加工深度均會(huì)影響錯(cuò)誤記憶水平,錯(cuò)誤記憶的產(chǎn)生不單來自于編碼階段,而是編碼階段和提取階段共同作用的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:While different emotional words can promote correct memory, the errors in memory also show the separation of emotional potency. Negative words will promote the errors in memory, while positive words will suppress the errors in memory. False memory as a special memory error phenomenon, different emotional words will also have different effects on false memory, negative words will promote the level of false memory, and positive words will inhibit the level of false memory. In this study, we designed three experiments based on DRM paradigm to investigate the cognitive mechanism of emotional word false memory by changing the task form of learning stage and extracting stage. To explore whether positive words have the advantages of literal representation processing, negative words have the advantages of main points representation processing; positive words and negative words monitor processing mechanism differences. In experiment 1, the font judgment task was used to control the literal representation of the learning vocabulary. The results showed that positive words had stronger ability to suppress false memory and showed the advantage of literal representation processing, but the level of negative word false memory was not affected by the experiment task. It showed significant advantages over positive words and neutral words, and negative word processing was more automatic. In the second experiment, familiarity judgment task was used to control the key representation of the learning vocabulary. The results show that negative words have a stronger ability to promote false memory under the task of familiarity judgment, showing the advantage of key representation processing, and that the level of positive word false memory is significantly affected by the experiment task. Under the same learning stage task conditions, experiment 3 uses different recognition stage tasks (general recognition / accurate recognition) to further explore the differences of processing mechanism of different emotional words. The results showed that negative words had the advantage of key representation processing, and the processing was less influenced by task form and more automatic, while positive word processing was greatly influenced by task form, and the literal representation processing was restrained. It shows better monitoring ability than negative words, and then restrains false memory. The results of the three experiments show that different emotional words have different mechanisms of false memory. Positive words have the advantages of shallow literal representation processing and stronger monitoring ability, and the processing mechanism is greatly affected by the experiment task. Only when the task points to the literal processing can its processing advantage be realized, and the control coding process is more preferred. Negative words have the advantages of deep key points, weak monitoring ability, less influence on processing mechanism by experimental tasks, and more preference for automatic processing. The properties and processing depth of vocabulary in learning stage can affect the level of false memory. The generation of false memory comes not only from the coding stage, but also from the result of the coaction between the coding stage and the extraction stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3
，
本文編號(hào)：2275647
[Abstract]:While different emotional words can promote correct memory, the errors in memory also show the separation of emotional potency. Negative words will promote the errors in memory, while positive words will suppress the errors in memory. False memory as a special memory error phenomenon, different emotional words will also have different effects on false memory, negative words will promote the level of false memory, and positive words will inhibit the level of false memory. In this study, we designed three experiments based on DRM paradigm to investigate the cognitive mechanism of emotional word false memory by changing the task form of learning stage and extracting stage. To explore whether positive words have the advantages of literal representation processing, negative words have the advantages of main points representation processing; positive words and negative words monitor processing mechanism differences. In experiment 1, the font judgment task was used to control the literal representation of the learning vocabulary. The results showed that positive words had stronger ability to suppress false memory and showed the advantage of literal representation processing, but the level of negative word false memory was not affected by the experiment task. It showed significant advantages over positive words and neutral words, and negative word processing was more automatic. In the second experiment, familiarity judgment task was used to control the key representation of the learning vocabulary. The results show that negative words have a stronger ability to promote false memory under the task of familiarity judgment, showing the advantage of key representation processing, and that the level of positive word false memory is significantly affected by the experiment task. Under the same learning stage task conditions, experiment 3 uses different recognition stage tasks (general recognition / accurate recognition) to further explore the differences of processing mechanism of different emotional words. The results showed that negative words had the advantage of key representation processing, and the processing was less influenced by task form and more automatic, while positive word processing was greatly influenced by task form, and the literal representation processing was restrained. It shows better monitoring ability than negative words, and then restrains false memory. The results of the three experiments show that different emotional words have different mechanisms of false memory. Positive words have the advantages of shallow literal representation processing and stronger monitoring ability, and the processing mechanism is greatly affected by the experiment task. Only when the task points to the literal processing can its processing advantage be realized, and the control coding process is more preferred. Negative words have the advantages of deep key points, weak monitoring ability, less influence on processing mechanism by experimental tasks, and more preference for automatic processing. The properties and processing depth of vocabulary in learning stage can affect the level of false memory. The generation of false memory comes not only from the coding stage, but also from the result of the coaction between the coding stage and the extraction stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3
，
本文編號(hào)：2275647
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