場認知方式對維漢大學生識別異族面孔的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-20 09:04
【摘要】：面孔識別，在人類社會的交往過程中發(fā)揮著重要的作用，人們通過對方的面孔來知覺對方的性別、年齡、身份地位、情緒狀態(tài)及種族等信息。面孔作為一種特殊的圖形信息，既包含了整體的構型特征，也包含了部分的分析特征。而作為個體所具有的一種穩(wěn)定的認知和人格特征的認知方式，它有著整體加工優(yōu)勢和部分加工的差異，那么對面孔識別的加工成績也會表現(xiàn)出不同的影響。在多元文化的背景下，人們經常表現(xiàn)出識別本族面孔要比識別異族面孔的成績好，這一現(xiàn)象被稱為異族效應并被證實為穩(wěn)定的效應。本研究試圖揭示具備不同的認知方式的不同民族的大學生在識別本族和異族面孔時所表現(xiàn)出的差異及其異族效應的變化規(guī)律性。 研究首先選取某高校789名維吾爾族和漢族大學生，采用威特金團體鑲嵌圖形測驗的修訂版，篩選出具有典型的場獨立和場依存型被試161名參加實驗。研究由三個實驗構成，均采用經典“學習-再認”研究范式，，以整體加工、破壞整體信息、局部加工三種不同加工方式為實驗條件，選取整體面孔、倒立面孔以及只留眼睛的部分信息面孔為實驗材料，來探討不同場認知方式的差異對維漢大學生識別異族面孔成績的影響。 結果顯示： （1）整體面孔的識別，場認知方式差異顯著，表現(xiàn)為場獨立者成績要好于場依存者；維吾爾族大學生識別本族的面孔的成績比識別異族面孔的成績好，出現(xiàn)異族效應；而漢族大學生識別維吾爾族面孔的成績比識別本族面孔的成績好，出現(xiàn)反轉效應。 （2）在識別整體破壞的倒立面孔實驗中，被試識別績效均比識別完整面孔低，場認知方式的差異不顯著，維吾爾族大學生在識別倒立面孔中也出現(xiàn)了異族效應。 （3）在面孔眼睛部分的識別中，不同類型被試也體現(xiàn)出了識別績效的下降，但是也有異族效應的體現(xiàn)；場獨立者識別面孔眼睛部分的成績比場依存者要好；維吾爾族大學生在識別面孔局部眼睛同樣出現(xiàn)異族效應。
[Abstract]:Face recognition plays an important role in the communication process of human society. People perceive each other's gender, age, status, emotional state and race through their faces. As a kind of special graphic information, face includes not only the whole configuration feature, but also the partial analysis feature. As an individual with a stable cognitive and personality characteristics of cognitive style, it has the overall processing advantages and partial processing differences, then face recognition processing results will show different effects. In the context of multiculturalism, people often show that the recognition of their faces is better than the recognition of their faces. This phenomenon is called the alien effect and has been proved to be a stable effect. This study attempts to reveal the differences in the recognition of the faces of different ethnic groups and the regularity of their heterosexual effects on college students with different cognitive styles. At first, 789 Uygur and Han college students in a certain university were selected and 161 subjects with typical field independence and field dependence were selected by using the revised edition of Witkin group mosaic test. The study is composed of three experiments, all of which adopt the classic "learning-recognition" paradigm. The experimental conditions are three different processing methods: holistic processing, destroying the whole information, and local processing, and the whole face is selected. Headstand faces and only some information faces with only eyes were used as experimental materials to explore the effect of different cognitive styles on the recognition of foreign faces of Uighur and Chinese college students. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in the recognition of the whole face, which showed that the field independent students had better results than the field dependents, and Uygur college students had better results in recognizing the faces of their own ethnic group than those of the foreign faces. The result of recognition of Uygur faces is better than that of native faces, and the reverse effect appears. (2) in the experiment of recognizing the whole destroyed inverted faces, the students of Han nationality have better results in recognizing the faces of Uygur nationality than in the recognition of their own faces. (2) in the experiment, The recognition performance of Uygur students was lower than that of the whole face recognition, and the difference of field cognitive style was not significant. Uygur college students also had an alien effect in the recognition of inverted face. (3) in the recognition of face eye part, Uygur university students also had an alien effect in the recognition of inverted faces. Different types of subjects also showed a decline in recognition performance, but there was also a heterogeneous effect, field independent recognition of the face eye part of the performance is better than the field dependent; Uygur college students also have an alien effect in face recognition.
【學位授予單位】：新疆師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.1
本文編號：2282682
[Abstract]:Face recognition plays an important role in the communication process of human society. People perceive each other's gender, age, status, emotional state and race through their faces. As a kind of special graphic information, face includes not only the whole configuration feature, but also the partial analysis feature. As an individual with a stable cognitive and personality characteristics of cognitive style, it has the overall processing advantages and partial processing differences, then face recognition processing results will show different effects. In the context of multiculturalism, people often show that the recognition of their faces is better than the recognition of their faces. This phenomenon is called the alien effect and has been proved to be a stable effect. This study attempts to reveal the differences in the recognition of the faces of different ethnic groups and the regularity of their heterosexual effects on college students with different cognitive styles. At first, 789 Uygur and Han college students in a certain university were selected and 161 subjects with typical field independence and field dependence were selected by using the revised edition of Witkin group mosaic test. The study is composed of three experiments, all of which adopt the classic "learning-recognition" paradigm. The experimental conditions are three different processing methods: holistic processing, destroying the whole information, and local processing, and the whole face is selected. Headstand faces and only some information faces with only eyes were used as experimental materials to explore the effect of different cognitive styles on the recognition of foreign faces of Uighur and Chinese college students. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in the recognition of the whole face, which showed that the field independent students had better results than the field dependents, and Uygur college students had better results in recognizing the faces of their own ethnic group than those of the foreign faces. The result of recognition of Uygur faces is better than that of native faces, and the reverse effect appears. (2) in the experiment of recognizing the whole destroyed inverted faces, the students of Han nationality have better results in recognizing the faces of Uygur nationality than in the recognition of their own faces. (2) in the experiment, The recognition performance of Uygur students was lower than that of the whole face recognition, and the difference of field cognitive style was not significant. Uygur college students also had an alien effect in the recognition of inverted face. (3) in the recognition of face eye part, Uygur university students also had an alien effect in the recognition of inverted faces. Different types of subjects also showed a decline in recognition performance, but there was also a heterogeneous effect, field independent recognition of the face eye part of the performance is better than the field dependent; Uygur college students also have an alien effect in face recognition.
【學位授予單位】：新疆師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.1
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