發(fā)布時間：2018-04-03 03:27

  本文選題：含油污泥　切入點：聚合物驅(qū)三次采油　出處：《東北石油大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：油田含油污泥的組成成分極其復(fù)雜,一般由水包油、油包水以及懸浮固體雜質(zhì)組成,是一種極其穩(wěn)定的懸浮乳狀液體系,含有大量的老化原油、臘質(zhì)、瀝青質(zhì)、膠體、固體懸浮物、細菌、鹽類、酸性氣體、腐蝕產(chǎn)物等,還包括生產(chǎn)過程中投加的大量絮凝劑、緩蝕劑、阻垢劑、殺菌劑等水處理劑。另外,大慶油田實施聚合物驅(qū)三次采油,油田聚合物含油污泥所含化學成分中還包含弱酸低溫膠聯(lián)劑、聚丙烯酰胺硫化物等。由于含油污泥中含有硫化物、苯系物、酚類、蒽、芘等有惡臭的有毒有害物質(zhì),而且原油中所含的某些烴類物質(zhì)具有致癌、致畸、致突變作用,油田含油污泥已被列為危險固體廢棄物(HW08),納入危險廢物進行管理。符合環(huán)境要求的污泥最終處置方式有多種,包括安全填埋、土地利用、焚燒、制造建材等。污泥具有較高含量的有機物,可以通過直接(如焚燒)或間接(如填埋收集造氣)的方式產(chǎn)生熱量而加以利用。油田油泥被認定為危險廢物,不能進行土地利用,在制造建材方面也受到限制。因此可能出路一直是安全填埋和焚燒。本文通過對薩北油田含油污泥組分分析、研究其組分和特性、確定了以焚燒方式處理薩北油田含油污泥的處理方式,并驗證了其可行性,制定了含油污泥焚燒處理項目建議書
[Abstract]:The composition of oily sludge in oil fields is extremely complex, generally consisting of oil in water, oil in oil and impurities in suspended solids. It is an extremely stable suspension emulsion system containing a large amount of aged crude oil, wax, asphaltene, and colloid.Solid suspensions, bacteria, salts, acid gases, corrosion products, and so on, including a large number of flocculants, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, bactericides and other water treatment agents.In addition, polymer flooding was carried out in Daqing Oilfield, and the chemical composition of oily sludge contained weak acid, polyacrylamide sulphide and so on.Because the oily sludge contains sulfides, benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and other toxic and harmful substances, and some hydrocarbons in crude oil have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects.Oilfield oily sludge has been classified as hazardous solid waste (HW08), which is included in hazardous waste management.There are a variety of final disposal methods for sludge, including safe landfill, land use, incineration, manufacture of building materials, etc.Sludge has a high level of organic matter and can be utilized by generating heat directly (e.g. incineration) or indirectly (e.g. landfill gas collection).Oil-field mud is considered hazardous waste, can not be used for land, and is restricted in the manufacture of building materials.So the possible way out has always been safe landfill and incineration.In this paper, the composition and characteristics of oily sludge in Sabei Oilfield are analyzed, and the treatment method of treating oily sludge in Sabei Oilfield by incineration is determined, and its feasibility is verified, and the project proposal for incineration treatment of oily sludge is made.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X741
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本文編號：1703433