二維卡通畫的渲染方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-26 19:27
【摘要】： 非真實感圖形學作為計算機圖形學一個新的分支,自20世紀90年代中期產(chǎn)生至今,已在多個領域得到了很好的發(fā)展,形成了以繪制、建模及動畫為核心的理論與實踐全面深入的研究和創(chuàng)新。其中,在模擬藝術目的的驅(qū)動下,已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了多種風格的非真實感渲染方法�；趫D像的卡通風格渲染由于藝術風格活潑、表現(xiàn)形式靈活,已經(jīng)吸引了許多圖形學研究者致力于這項工作,這也成為本文選題的主要動機和出發(fā)點。 非真實感繪制技術可分為兩類:一類是基于圖像空間的二維繪制,另一類是基于物體空間的三維繪制。本文對諸多藝術渲染中的卡通風格渲染進行了深入研究,從圖形學和藝術兩個層面上分析了二維卡通和Q版卡通的造型特點,進而提出自己的算法,得到了相應的繪制結(jié)果。其中主要的創(chuàng)新性工作包括: (1)提出了基于掃描線的二維卡通風格渲染算法。對用戶輸入的用數(shù)碼相機拍攝的圖像首先提取輪廓,然后進行顏色處理,最后合并得到具有卡通風格的圖像。同時,給出了基于直方圖的邊緣參數(shù)的計算和基于掃描線的顏色處理兩個算法,自動實時地完成了渲染過程。實驗結(jié)果表明該方法的渲染效果更接近于手繪風格,適合于卡通動畫和個性化照片等領域的應用。 (2)提出了基于圖像的Q版卡通生成算法。該方法的輸入為一張真實的人物正面直立照片,輸出為具有Q版卡通風格的漫畫形象。主要研究內(nèi)容包括:第一,人物整體和頭部的夸張變形。本文采用歸一化方法、并提出基于拋物樣條的局部放大算法,分別實現(xiàn)了變形。第二,附屬細節(jié)的填補與挪移。本文考慮了變形對區(qū)域外細節(jié)的影響,通過建立發(fā)型庫以及基于紋理合成的旋轉(zhuǎn)修正了缺陷,使得效果更加逼真。該方法設計簡單,易于控制,可應用于游戲、動畫、廣告等領域。 (3)提出了基于拋物線的圖像變形算法。首先,將變形前后的部分嵌入一個包含最小的拋物樣條曲線;然后建立兩條曲線內(nèi)部像素之間的映射關系,獲取新拋物線內(nèi)部像素的坐標,以及原拋物線內(nèi)部相應像素的紋理信息,進行重寫,完成變形。實驗證明,該變形算法對區(qū)域內(nèi)的像素實施了變形,同時保證區(qū)域外像素不受影響,實現(xiàn)了有效的局部變形。 (4)提出了基于橢圓窗口的圖像裁剪算法。首先采用高效的橢圓算法生成裁剪窗口,然后以窗口作為邊界利用掃描線原理確定窗口內(nèi)象素并輸出,完成裁剪過程。該方法無需復雜的求交運算,只需簡單的象素讀寫便可完成裁剪操作,因此裁剪過程簡單,執(zhí)行速度快,算法復雜度低,尤其適合于復雜圖形及圖像的裁剪處理。
[Abstract]:Non-realistic graphics, as a new branch of computer graphics, has been developed in many fields since the mid-1990s. Modeling and animation as the core of the theory and practice of comprehensive and in-depth research and innovation. Image based cartoon rendering has attracted many graphic researchers to devote themselves to this work because of its lively artistic style and flexible expression, which has become the main motive and starting point of this thesis. Non-realistic rendering techniques can be divided into two categories: one is 2D rendering based on image space and the other is 3D rendering based on object space. In this paper, the cartoon style rendering of many art rendering is deeply studied, and the modeling characteristics of 2D cartoon and Q cartoon are analyzed from the two levels of graphics and art, and their own algorithm is put forward, and the corresponding rendering results are obtained. The main innovative works are as follows: (1) A novel 2D cartoon rendering algorithm based on scanning line is proposed. Firstly, the contour is extracted from the image taken by the digital camera, then the color is processed. Finally, the cartoon style image is merged to get the cartoon image. At the same time, two algorithms of edge parameter calculation based on histogram and color processing based on scanning line are presented, and the rendering process is completed automatically and in real time. The experimental results show that the rendering effect of this method is more similar to the hand-drawn style, and it is suitable for cartoon animation and personalized photo applications. (2) an image based Q version cartoon generation algorithm is proposed. The input of this method is a real upright picture of the face of the character, and the output is a cartoon image with Q cartoon style. The main research contents include: first, the exaggerated deformation of the whole character and head. In this paper, a normalized method and a parabolic spline based local amplification algorithm are proposed to realize the deformation respectively. Second, the subsidiary details of the filling and removal. In this paper, the effect of deformation on the detail outside the region is considered, and the defect is corrected by establishing hairstyle database and rotation based on texture synthesis, which makes the effect more realistic. This method is simple and easy to control. It can be used in game, animation, advertising and other fields. (3) an image deformation algorithm based on parabola is proposed. Then the mapping relationship between the pixels of the two curves is established to obtain the coordinates of the pixels in the new parabola and the texture information of the corresponding pixels in the original parabola. Experimental results show that the algorithm can deform the pixels in the region and ensure that the pixels outside the region will not be affected, thus realizing the effective local deformation. (4) an image clipping algorithm based on elliptical window is proposed. First, the clipped window is generated by an efficient ellipse algorithm, and then the window is used as the boundary to determine the pixel in the window and output the pixel in the window by using the principle of scanning line, and the clipping process is completed. This method needs only simple pixel reading and writing to complete the clipping operation without complex intersection operation, so the process of clipping is simple, the speed of execution is high, and the complexity of the algorithm is low, which is especially suitable for cutting complex graphics and images.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：TP391.41
本文編號：2296722
[Abstract]:Non-realistic graphics, as a new branch of computer graphics, has been developed in many fields since the mid-1990s. Modeling and animation as the core of the theory and practice of comprehensive and in-depth research and innovation. Image based cartoon rendering has attracted many graphic researchers to devote themselves to this work because of its lively artistic style and flexible expression, which has become the main motive and starting point of this thesis. Non-realistic rendering techniques can be divided into two categories: one is 2D rendering based on image space and the other is 3D rendering based on object space. In this paper, the cartoon style rendering of many art rendering is deeply studied, and the modeling characteristics of 2D cartoon and Q cartoon are analyzed from the two levels of graphics and art, and their own algorithm is put forward, and the corresponding rendering results are obtained. The main innovative works are as follows: (1) A novel 2D cartoon rendering algorithm based on scanning line is proposed. Firstly, the contour is extracted from the image taken by the digital camera, then the color is processed. Finally, the cartoon style image is merged to get the cartoon image. At the same time, two algorithms of edge parameter calculation based on histogram and color processing based on scanning line are presented, and the rendering process is completed automatically and in real time. The experimental results show that the rendering effect of this method is more similar to the hand-drawn style, and it is suitable for cartoon animation and personalized photo applications. (2) an image based Q version cartoon generation algorithm is proposed. The input of this method is a real upright picture of the face of the character, and the output is a cartoon image with Q cartoon style. The main research contents include: first, the exaggerated deformation of the whole character and head. In this paper, a normalized method and a parabolic spline based local amplification algorithm are proposed to realize the deformation respectively. Second, the subsidiary details of the filling and removal. In this paper, the effect of deformation on the detail outside the region is considered, and the defect is corrected by establishing hairstyle database and rotation based on texture synthesis, which makes the effect more realistic. This method is simple and easy to control. It can be used in game, animation, advertising and other fields. (3) an image deformation algorithm based on parabola is proposed. Then the mapping relationship between the pixels of the two curves is established to obtain the coordinates of the pixels in the new parabola and the texture information of the corresponding pixels in the original parabola. Experimental results show that the algorithm can deform the pixels in the region and ensure that the pixels outside the region will not be affected, thus realizing the effective local deformation. (4) an image clipping algorithm based on elliptical window is proposed. First, the clipped window is generated by an efficient ellipse algorithm, and then the window is used as the boundary to determine the pixel in the window and output the pixel in the window by using the principle of scanning line, and the clipping process is completed. This method needs only simple pixel reading and writing to complete the clipping operation without complex intersection operation, so the process of clipping is simple, the speed of execution is high, and the complexity of the algorithm is low, which is especially suitable for cutting complex graphics and images.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：TP391.41
【引證文獻】
相關碩士學位論文 前1條
1 顏彬彬;圖像（視頻）風格化技術研究[D];浙江工業(yè)大學;2012年
，本文編號：2296722
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