發(fā)布時間：2018-05-29 13:50

  本文選題：增值技術(shù) + 評估�。� 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本研究以“家具裝修材增值加工技術(shù)”課題15個研究單元為研究對象,首先設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查表實(shí)地調(diào)研收集數(shù)據(jù),對其進(jìn)行技術(shù)評價;然后運(yùn)用技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理及方法建立評價指標(biāo)體系和效益分析數(shù)學(xué)模型,由此得出經(jīng)濟(jì)效益評估結(jié)果;最后對該15項(xiàng)技術(shù)投產(chǎn)所帶來的社會效益和環(huán)境效益進(jìn)行了分析評價,為課題驗(yàn)收及企業(yè)決策提供依據(jù)。得出如下結(jié)論: (1)專題一。雙聯(lián)圓鋸徑切板制材技術(shù)為高效類研究單元,其徑切板的出材率為49.8%,較帶鋸制材高12.4%,達(dá)到課題預(yù)期目標(biāo)。復(fù)合地板芯板高精度處理技術(shù)和厚單板刨切技術(shù)為增值類研究單元,前者處理的單板制成的多層楊木復(fù)合地板的翹曲度較未處理板材分別下降13.01%-15.99%;后者可使背面裂隙度小于10%,厚度誤差小于4%,較大程度提高實(shí)木多層復(fù)合地板的尺寸穩(wěn)定性和表面質(zhì)量;該專題增值類研究單元投產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目較原有技術(shù)項(xiàng)目盈利能力均有所提高,項(xiàng)目整體經(jīng)濟(jì)性能較優(yōu),作為單獨(dú)的項(xiàng)目可行;同時,復(fù)合地板芯板高精度處理技術(shù)和厚單板刨切技術(shù)產(chǎn)品附加值分別達(dá)到71.35%和105.3%,達(dá)到課題預(yù)期目標(biāo)。 (2)專題二。異型膠拼與砂光技術(shù)和異型下鋸制材技術(shù)均為高效類研究單元,前者通過異形拼接的方式加工家具、門窗框架材料,其平均木材利用率,較傳統(tǒng)矩形材拼接方式可提高約為20%;后者實(shí)際應(yīng)用鋸解時,出材率可達(dá)到20%左右,達(dá)到課題預(yù)期目標(biāo)�；罟�(jié)涂蓋木粉膩?zhàn)訛樵鲋殿愌芯繂卧?該研究單元開發(fā)的門窗底涂超精細(xì)木粉膩?zhàn)友b飾技術(shù),該投產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目資金占用效率較好,整體經(jīng)濟(jì)性能較優(yōu),作為單獨(dú)的項(xiàng)目可行;同時,活節(jié)涂蓋木粉膩?zhàn)赢a(chǎn)品附加值達(dá)到112.4%,達(dá)到了課題預(yù)期目標(biāo)。 (3)專題三。該專題均為增值類研究單元。①靜音地板單元研制的木-橡膠功能復(fù)合材料撞擊聲76.5dB(A),撞擊聲改善值15.5dB(A)。靜音性能優(yōu)于軟木復(fù)合地板,僅次于軟木地板;②硅樹脂強(qiáng)化木材抗彎強(qiáng)度平均值為87.70 MPa,抗彎彈性模量平均值為12.41 GPa。端面、弦面和徑面的硬度可分別提高34.62%,49.15%和53.45%;③電磁屏蔽板材接縫技術(shù)單元制備的木基電磁屏蔽板材整體屏蔽效能可達(dá)20-25dB,屏蔽性能較優(yōu);④木材溫致變色技術(shù)單元實(shí)現(xiàn)26℃至32℃變化時,木材在染色和本色之間的可逆變色;⑤厚單板調(diào)色產(chǎn)品和普通樹脂強(qiáng)化重組產(chǎn)品兩個單元研制出的樹脂強(qiáng)化單板家具地板裝飾材板材密度0.8g/cm3,含水率≤10%,順紋抗拉強(qiáng)度≥120MPa,順紋抗彎強(qiáng)度120-150MPa,膠層抗剪強(qiáng)度≥12MPa,24h吸水率≤6%,材色和花紋仿真性與樣品相似,總色差△E*ab≤3,耐光色牢度4級以上。 專題三各項(xiàng)技術(shù)投產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目投資回收期均較短,風(fēng)險較小,項(xiàng)目資金占用效率較好,整體經(jīng)濟(jì)性能較優(yōu),作為單獨(dú)項(xiàng)目均可行;同時,各項(xiàng)技術(shù)產(chǎn)品附加值均在70%以上,達(dá)到了課題預(yù)期目標(biāo)。 (4)專題四。松脂快速滲析技術(shù)、調(diào)色防變色技術(shù)和深度脫脂融合技術(shù),可實(shí)現(xiàn)松木雙面脫脂深度達(dá)5～6cm,脫脂率和脫油率在80%以上,保持松木天然材色,使含水率為12%左右的松木在自然條件下2年內(nèi)色差變化不超過5NBS。三個單元融合的生產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目年盈利額與利潤比普通脫脂技術(shù)生產(chǎn)線分別增加108.4%與120.2%,項(xiàng)目盈利能力較強(qiáng),該項(xiàng)目的資金占用效率較好,整體經(jīng)濟(jì)性能較優(yōu);同時,該技術(shù)產(chǎn)品附加值為60.98%,達(dá)到了課題預(yù)期目標(biāo)。 (5)“家具裝修材增值加工技術(shù)”15項(xiàng)研發(fā)技術(shù)以廢舊木質(zhì)材料,廢舊電子產(chǎn)品,廢有色金屬、廢舊輪胎等廢棄物作為原料,自主創(chuàng)新研發(fā)高附加值產(chǎn)品,與國家有關(guān)環(huán)境技術(shù)政策及科技發(fā)展規(guī)劃一致,對于推動木材行業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級起到了積極作用;能夠改善人們生活、工作環(huán)境和質(zhì)量,創(chuàng)造大量就業(yè)機(jī)會;可節(jié)約有限的森林資源,維護(hù)生態(tài)平衡,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)與生態(tài)環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This research takes 15 research units as "furniture decoration material value-added processing technology" as the research object. First, we design the questionnaire and collect data in the field to collect the data and evaluate it. Then the evaluation index system and the benefit analysis mathematical model are established by using the principles and methods of technical economics, and the results of the economic benefit evaluation are obtained. Finally, the results of the economic benefit evaluation are obtained. The social and environmental benefits brought about by the 15 technologies were analyzed and evaluated, providing the basis for the acceptance of the project and the decision of enterprises.
(1) special topic 1. Double circular saw cutting plate cutting plate making technology is a highly efficient research unit. The output rate of the cutting plate is 49.8% and the sawing material is 12.4% higher than that of the strip saw. The high precision treatment technology of the composite floor core and the thick single board planing technology is the value-added research unit, the former is treated with the single board multi-layer poplar composite flooring. The warping degree is lower than that of the untreated plate 13.01%-15.99%, and the latter can make the backside crack less than 10% and the thickness error less than 4%. The size stability and surface quality of the solid wood multilayer composite floor can be improved greatly. The project is more profitable than the original technical item, and the overall economy of the project is overall. It can be better, as a single project. At the same time, the added value of the high precision treatment technology and the thick single board planing technology of the composite floor core board can reach 71.35% and 105.3%, respectively, to achieve the expected goal of the project.
(2) special topic two. Heteromorphic gluing, sand light technology and special-shaped lower saw making technology are all efficient research units. The former processing furniture, door and window frame materials, the average wood utilization rate of the former is about 20% compared with the traditional rectangular wood splicing, and the latter can reach about 20% when the latter is used. The project is used as a value-added research unit, which is developed by the research unit to decorate the fine wood powder putty of the door and window at the bottom of the door. The project has better capital efficiency and better overall economic performance, as a single project. At the same time, the added value of the putty product is 112.4%, which has reached the class. The goal is expected.
(3) topic three. This topic is a value-added research unit. (1) the wood rubber functional composite material impact sound 76.5dB (A) and the impact sound improvement value 15.5dB (A) developed by the mute floor unit. The mute performance is superior to the cork composite floor, second only to the cork floor; the average value of the flexural strength of the silicon resin reinforced wood material is 87.70 MPa and the flexural modulus of elasticity is average. For 12.41 GPa. end face, the hardness of the chord surface and the diameter surface can be increased by 34.62%, 49.15% and 53.45% respectively. (3) the overall shielding effectiveness of the wood based electromagnetic shielding plate prepared by the electromagnetic shielding plate joint technology unit is up to 20-25dB, and the shielding performance is better. 4. When the wood temperature and Chromism unit is changed from 26 to 32, the wood is between the dyeing and the original color. Reversible color discoloration; (5) the density of the resin reinforced veneer furniture floor decoration material 0.8g/cm3, water content less than 10%, CIS grain tensile strength more than 120MPa, CIS grain bending strength 120-150MPa, rubber layer shear strength more than 12MPa, 24h water absorption ratio less than 6%, 24h water absorption rate less than 6%, wood color and pattern simulation Similar to the sample, the total color difference is less than 3 E*ab, and the color fastness is above 4.
The investment recovery period of the project three projects is short, the risk is small, the efficiency of the project funds is better, the overall economic performance is better, as a single item, all the additional values of all the technical products are above 70%, which has reached the expected goal of the project.
(4) special four. Fast dialysis technology of pine fat, color control and anti discoloration technology and deep degreasing fusion technology can achieve 5 ~ 6cm, degreasing rate and deoiling rate of more than 80%, keep pine natural wood color, and make the color difference of pine wood with water content 12% in 2 years not more than 5NBS. three units The annual profit and profit of the project increase by 108.4% and 120.2% respectively than the ordinary skimming technology production line, and the project profit ability is stronger. The fund occupying efficiency of the project is better and the overall economic performance is better. At the same time, the added value of the technical product is 60.98%, which has reached the expected goal of the project.
(5) "furniture decoration material value-added processing technology" 15 research and development technology with waste wood materials, waste electronic products, waste nonferrous metals, waste tires and other waste as raw materials, independent innovation and research and development of high value-added products, and the national environmental technology policies and scientific and technological development rules, to promote the industrial structure optimization of the timber industry It has played an active role in improving people's life, working environment and quality, creating a large number of employment opportunities, saving limited forest resources, maintaining ecological balance, and achieving a coordinated and healthy sustainable development of the economy and the ecological environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：TU564

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