發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-14 19:27

【摘要】：近年來,中國(guó)與美國(guó)兩國(guó)間的貿(mào)易在往來愈發(fā)頻繁、迅速發(fā)展的同時(shí),兩國(guó)貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)也不斷地在發(fā)生改變。美國(guó)雖然不是中國(guó)的第一大貿(mào)易伙伴(僅次于歐盟,是第二大貿(mào)易伙伴),但卻是中國(guó)的第一大貿(mào)易國(guó),也就是說,中美兩國(guó)的貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)不單單直接體現(xiàn)著中美兩國(guó)的貿(mào)易狀況與貿(mào)易內(nèi)涵,而且還具有一定的代表性,甚至能在一定程度上反映中國(guó)自身貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)的層次、國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力以及國(guó)際分工情況,這些對(duì)中國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整以及中國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化等方面也具有借鑒意義。因此,對(duì)中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)的分析引發(fā)了諸多國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的重視,但對(duì)于中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)的研究,以往的文獻(xiàn)大多數(shù)都使用SITC分類進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),而HS分類涵蓋了CCCN和SITC兩大分類編碼體系,也就是說HS分類商品更為細(xì)化,而且相對(duì)不同國(guó)家存在的商品偏差較小。因此,本文將采用HS分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)的變化進(jìn)行研究。本文共有五章,可分為三個(gè)部分:第一部分即第一章的緒論,主要介紹了本文的選題背景與研究意義,并且從國(guó)際貿(mào)易的相關(guān)理論、中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展、中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)相關(guān)指標(biāo)的測(cè)算等三個(gè)角度,在對(duì)現(xiàn)有的國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單回顧的基礎(chǔ)上,從而做出簡(jiǎn)單的評(píng)述。第二部分包括第二章與第三章,主要是數(shù)據(jù)的分析與指標(biāo)的測(cè)算,是本文的重點(diǎn)部分。此部分按照經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論,將基于HS1992分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的貿(mào)易商品做了進(jìn)一步分類,即分為資源密集型、勞動(dòng)密集型和資本密集型三類產(chǎn)品,接著利用HS分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的,1992-2015年中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)的年度數(shù)據(jù),分別從進(jìn)出口角度,對(duì)中美兩國(guó)貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)的變化進(jìn)行定量分析,運(yùn)用貿(mào)易結(jié)合度、勞倫斯指數(shù),對(duì)比分析中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)耦合度及相互依存度的情況及其變化幅度。第三部分包括第四章和第五章,通過對(duì)中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)變化及其影響因素做進(jìn)一步分析,總結(jié)全文,得出中美貿(mào)易商品結(jié)構(gòu)變化究竟如何影響中美貿(mào)易關(guān)系的相關(guān)結(jié)論,并從多角度提出對(duì)策及建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the trade between China and the United States has become more and more frequent and rapid development, at the same time, the commodity structure of trade between China and the United States is constantly changing. Although the United States is not China's largest trading partner (after the European Union, it is the second largest trading partner), it is China's largest trading partner, that is to say, The trade commodity structure of China and the United States not only reflects the trade situation and connotation of China and the United States, but also has certain representativeness, and even reflects the level of China's own trade structure to a certain extent. The international market competitiveness and the international division of labor are also useful for the adjustment of China's industrial structure and the optimization of China's foreign trade structure. Therefore, the analysis of Sino-US trade commodity structure has attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad, but for the study of Sino-US trade commodity structure, most of the previous literature used SITC classification for statistics. The HS classification covers the CCCN and SITC classification coding systems, that is to say, the HS classifies the commodity more finely, and the commodity deviation is relatively small in different countries. Therefore, this paper will adopt HS classification standard to study the change of commodity structure of Sino-American trade. There are five chapters in this paper, which can be divided into three parts: the first part is the introduction of the first chapter, which mainly introduces the background and significance of this paper, and from the relevant theories of international trade, the development of Sino-American trade commodity structure. On the basis of a brief review of the existing domestic and foreign literature, this paper makes a simple comment from three angles: the measurement of the related indexes of the trade structure between China and the United States. The second part includes the second chapter and the third chapter, mainly the data analysis and the index measurement, is the key part of this article. In this part, according to the economic theory, the trade commodities based on HS1992 classification criteria are further classified, that is, they are divided into three categories: resource-intensive, labor-intensive and capital-intensive, and then use the HS classification standard. From the perspective of import and export, the annual data on the commodity structure of trade between China and the United States for the period 1992-2015 are used to quantitatively analyze the changes in the structure of trade commodities between China and the United States, using the degree of trade integration, the Lawrence Index. A comparative analysis of the coupling degree and interdependence of the commodity structure between China and the United States is made. The third part includes the fourth and fifth chapters, through the further analysis to the Sino-US trade commodity structure change and its influence factor, summarizes the full text, obtains the related conclusion that the Sino-US trade commodity structure change actually affects the Sino-US trade relations. And put forward the countermeasure and suggestion from many angles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F752.7;F757.12

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本文編號(hào)：2332078