發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-25 20:48

【摘要】：隨著智能手機(jī)的普及和手機(jī)功能的豐富,手機(jī)正滲透至人們?nèi)粘Ｉ�活中的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,手機(jī)依賴(lài)也因此逐步演變成一種普遍的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。手機(jī)引發(fā)的“低頭族”現(xiàn)象已波及到交通出行領(lǐng)域,尤其行人在過(guò)街時(shí)使用手機(jī)帶來(lái)的安全隱患和傷亡事故持續(xù)擴(kuò)大。手機(jī)分心會(huì)干擾行人的過(guò)街速度、視覺(jué)感知、聽(tīng)覺(jué)感知和判斷決策,進(jìn)而影響行人過(guò)街的安全性。因此,探究手機(jī)分心對(duì)行人過(guò)街安全的影響機(jī)理和行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)行為的心理影響因素,將進(jìn)一步引發(fā)社會(huì)各界對(duì)“低頭族”現(xiàn)象的關(guān)注,對(duì)降低行人過(guò)街傷亡事故有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。本文主要針對(duì)行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)行為進(jìn)行研究。首先,設(shè)計(jì)真實(shí)道路交通環(huán)境下的行人手機(jī)分心過(guò)街任務(wù)實(shí)驗(yàn),通過(guò)攝像機(jī)獲取行人過(guò)街過(guò)程中的過(guò)街啟動(dòng)時(shí)間、過(guò)街左右觀察交通次數(shù)、平均過(guò)街速度和過(guò)街失敗等行為特性指標(biāo),利用眼動(dòng)儀捕捉瞳孔直徑、注視點(diǎn)分布百分比、注視時(shí)間分布百分比、注視點(diǎn)平均注視時(shí)間和掃視頻率等眼動(dòng)特性指標(biāo),運(yùn)用差異性分析探究手機(jī)分心和不同手機(jī)使用方式對(duì)行人過(guò)街行為指標(biāo)和眼動(dòng)特性指標(biāo)的影響,論證了手機(jī)分心對(duì)行人過(guò)街安全的影響;其次,基于改進(jìn)計(jì)劃行為理論設(shè)計(jì)行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)行為量表,針對(duì)405份有效樣本數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)、信效度檢驗(yàn)、相關(guān)性和差異性分析,運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型解釋和預(yù)測(cè)行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)行為,掌握行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)行為的心理影響因素。最后,結(jié)合手機(jī)分心對(duì)行人過(guò)街安全的影響和行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)行為的心理影響因素,從行人交通安全規(guī)劃、行人交通安全教育和行人交通安全管理三方面提出相關(guān)管控措施,為有效減少行人過(guò)街使用手機(jī)不安全行為提供新視角。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of smart phones and the enrichment of mobile phone functions, mobile phones are infiltrating into all fields of people's daily life, and mobile phone dependence has gradually evolved into a common social phenomenon. The phenomenon of "Phubber" caused by mobile phones has spread to the field of traffic travel, especially the hidden dangers and casualties caused by pedestrians using mobile phones when crossing the street. Mobile phone distractions can interfere with pedestrian crossing speed, visual perception, auditory perception and judgment decision, and then affect the safety of pedestrians crossing the street. Therefore, exploring the influence mechanism of mobile phone distraction on pedestrian crossing safety and the psychological factors of pedestrian crossing behavior will further arouse the attention of all sectors of society to the phenomenon of "Phubber", and have certain guiding significance for reducing pedestrian casualties. This paper mainly studies the behavior of pedestrians crossing the street using mobile phones. First of all, the experiment of pedestrian mobile phone distraction crossing task in real road traffic environment is designed, the starting time of pedestrian crossing is obtained by camera, the traffic frequency, average crossing speed and crossing failure are observed around the street, and the pupil diameter, the percentage of injection point distribution and the percentage of gaze time are captured by eye movement instrument. Based on the difference analysis of the influence of mobile phone distraction and different mobile phone usage patterns on pedestrian crossing behavior index and eye movement characteristic index, the influence of mobile phone distraction on pedestrian crossing safety was demonstrated by using the difference analysis of eye movement characteristics such as average fixation time and scanning frequency. Secondly, based on the improved planning behavior theory, the pedestrian mobile phone behavior scale was designed. Descriptive statistics, reliability and validity test, correlation and difference analysis were carried out for 405 valid sample data. The structural equation model was used to explain and predict the behavior of pedestrian crossing mobile phone, and the psychological influencing factors of pedestrian crossing mobile phone behavior were mastered. Finally, combined with the influence of mobile phone distraction on pedestrian crossing safety and the psychological factors of pedestrian mobile phone use behavior, this paper puts forward some relevant control measures from three aspects: pedestrian traffic safety planning, pedestrian traffic safety education and pedestrian traffic safety management, so as to provide a new perspective for effectively reducing the unsafe behavior of pedestrian crossing mobile phone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.226

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