發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-30 19:18

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超聲電機(jī) 彎振復(fù)合模態(tài) 輕型化　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：復(fù)合模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)因具有推力（轉(zhuǎn)矩）大、結(jié)構(gòu)靈活等特點(diǎn)具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。為簡(jiǎn)化超聲電機(jī)控制電路，設(shè)計(jì)者們往往進(jìn)行頻率簡(jiǎn)并。這在很大程度上限制了電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的靈活性和電機(jī)性能的進(jìn)一步提高。模態(tài)簡(jiǎn)并問(wèn)題是異型復(fù)合模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中不可避免的問(wèn)題，可以通過(guò)采用同型模態(tài)復(fù)合有效解決這一問(wèn)題。 結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的正交彎振復(fù)合模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)成功避免了模態(tài)簡(jiǎn)并這一問(wèn)題，實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)的研究結(jié)果也充分展示了該類型電機(jī)在機(jī)械特性方面所具備的優(yōu)勢(shì)。但目前研制的彎振復(fù)合電機(jī)質(zhì)量、體積較大，還有待進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化改進(jìn)，針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題，本文提出輕型化彎振復(fù)合電機(jī)達(dá)到降低質(zhì)量、提高功率密度的目的，適應(yīng)對(duì)電機(jī)質(zhì)量有特別要求的場(chǎng)合。 本文首先分析了彎振復(fù)合模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理，推導(dǎo)分析了一階、二階彎振復(fù)合模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)足處的橢圓運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡及其驅(qū)動(dòng)作用的一致性。接著根據(jù)有效電路理論得出有效機(jī)電耦合系數(shù)ke和機(jī)械品質(zhì)因數(shù)Qm的計(jì)算表達(dá)式，，根據(jù)導(dǎo)納圓理論得出電機(jī)的特征頻率和等效電路參數(shù)計(jì)算，并分析了等效電路參數(shù)對(duì)ke和Qm的影響。隨后提出輕型一階彎振復(fù)合模態(tài)超聲電機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，并選取材料進(jìn)行ANSYS有限元仿真分析。最后分別制作了使用壓電陶瓷PZT-4和PZT-8的樣機(jī)，兩樣機(jī)較改進(jìn)前質(zhì)量降低29%。樣機(jī)的振動(dòng)測(cè)試和電學(xué)特性測(cè)試結(jié)果與理論分析相一致，并對(duì)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了機(jī)械特性測(cè)試。
[Abstract]:Composite mode ultrasonic motor has a broad application prospect because of its large thrust (torque) and flexible structure. It can simplify the control circuit of ultrasonic motor. Designers often degenerate frequency, which greatly limits the flexibility of motor structure design and the further improvement of motor performance. Modal degeneracy is an unavoidable problem in the design process of special-shaped composite mode ultrasonic motor. The question of immunity. This problem can be effectively solved by using the same mode compound. The problem of modal degeneracy has been successfully avoided by the symmetrical orthogonal flexural vibration composite mode ultrasonic motor. The research results of the experimental prototype also fully show the advantages of this type of motor in the mechanical characteristics, but the quality and volume of the currently developed flexural vibration composite motor is large, which needs further optimization and improvement. Aiming at this problem, this paper puts forward the aim of reducing the quality and increasing the power density of the lightweight flexural composite motor, which is suitable for the situation with special demands on the quality of the motor. In this paper, the basic structure and working principle of bending-vibration composite mode ultrasonic motor are analyzed, and the first order is deduced and analyzed. The elliptical motion trajectory and the consistency of the driving action of the second order bending-vibration composite mode ultrasonic motor drive foot are obtained. Based on the effective circuit theory, the calculation expressions of the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient ke and the mechanical quality factor Qm are obtained. Style. According to admittance circle theory, the characteristic frequency and equivalent circuit parameters of motor are calculated, and the influence of equivalent circuit parameters on ke and QM is analyzed. Then, the basic structure of light first order bending-vibration composite mode ultrasonic motor is proposed. The ANSYS finite element simulation analysis was carried out with the material selected. Finally, the PZT-4 and PZT-8 prototypes using piezoelectric ceramics were made respectively. The quality of the two prototypes is 29% lower than that before the improvement. The vibration and electrical characteristics of the two prototypes are in agreement with the theoretical analysis, and the mechanical characteristics of the prototype are tested.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM35

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本文編號(hào)：1477027