發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-03 08:28

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,電動(dòng)機(jī)作為主要的運(yùn)行部件,其工作是否正常直接關(guān)系到整個(gè)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)狀況的好壞。轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障是電動(dòng)機(jī)故障中比較常見的一種類型,其不容易被檢測(cè),而且有較大危害性。因此,研究轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障診斷技術(shù),以便在早期對(duì)電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障做出診斷,防止不平衡故障的進(jìn)一步惡化,具有重要的理論研究意義和實(shí)際經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。本文首先闡述了電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障診斷的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,以及振動(dòng)分析方法的研究現(xiàn)狀,為采用Hilbert-Huang變換方法對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障進(jìn)行檢測(cè)和診斷奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。Hilbert-Huang變換方法包含經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)�態(tài)分解(EMD)和Hilbert譜分析兩個(gè)過程。EMD能夠?qū)Ψ蔷�性和非平穩(wěn)信號(hào)進(jìn)行很好的分解,以得到期望的本征模態(tài)函數(shù)(IMF);對(duì)IMF進(jìn)行Hilbert變換,可得信號(hào)的頻譜圖和邊際譜圖,以此對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障信號(hào)進(jìn)行分析。其次,針對(duì)Hilbert-Huang變換方法在對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)�態(tài)分解過程中出現(xiàn)的端點(diǎn)效應(yīng)問題,在研究傳統(tǒng)抑制端點(diǎn)效應(yīng)方法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了基于鏡像延拓和支持向量回歸機(jī)相結(jié)合的端點(diǎn)延拓改進(jìn)方法。此改進(jìn)方法先是利用支持向量回歸機(jī)對(duì)原始信號(hào)的極值點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)序列兩端進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè),然后用鏡像延拓法確定所預(yù)測(cè)極值點(diǎn)的位置。它解決了支持向量回歸機(jī)對(duì)長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)序列預(yù)測(cè)不準(zhǔn)確,以及鏡像延拓法對(duì)端點(diǎn)不是極值點(diǎn)的短數(shù)據(jù)序列處理效果不佳等問題。通過仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)此改進(jìn)方法和傳統(tǒng)的端點(diǎn)延拓方法進(jìn)行定性對(duì)比分析,結(jié)果表明,改進(jìn)的方法能很好地抑制經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)�態(tài)分解產(chǎn)生的端點(diǎn)效應(yīng)。然后,將改進(jìn)的Hilbert-Huang變換方法對(duì)電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障進(jìn)行診斷分析,從得到的IMF圖和Hilbert邊際譜圖中可以很精確地提取出不平衡故障信號(hào)的特征。最后,結(jié)合本文提出的Hilbert-Huang變換改進(jìn)方法,設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于LabVIEW的電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障診斷系統(tǒng),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,該系統(tǒng)能夠有效的對(duì)電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡故障進(jìn)行診斷。
[Abstract]:In modern industrial production, motor as the main operating parts, its normal work directly related to the quality of the whole industrial production. Rotor unbalance fault is a common type of motor fault, which is not easy to detect and has great harm. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical economic value to study the rotor unbalance fault diagnosis technology in order to diagnose the rotor unbalance fault in the early stage and to prevent the further deterioration of the unbalanced fault. In this paper, the development of rotor unbalance fault diagnosis and the research status of vibration analysis methods are first described in this paper. The method of Hilbert-Huang transform includes two processes: empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert spectrum analysis. EMD can deal with nonlinear and non-nonlinear faults. Smooth signals are decomposed very well, To obtain the expected eigenmode function (IMF); By Hilbert transform of IMF, the spectrum and marginal spectrum of the signal can be obtained, and then the unbalanced fault signal of rotor can be analyzed. Secondly, aiming at the endpoint effect of Hilbert-Huang transform in the process of signal empirical mode decomposition, based on the research of the traditional method of suppressing the end point effect, An improved endpoint continuation method based on image extension and support vector regression machine is proposed. The improved method first uses the support vector regression machine to predict the extreme point data sequence of the original signal, and then uses the image continuation method to determine the location of the predicted extremum point. It solves the problems of inaccurate prediction of long data series by support vector regression machine and poor processing effect of image continuation method for short data sequences whose endpoints are not extreme points. The qualitative comparison between the improved method and the traditional endpoint continuation method is carried out through simulation experiments. The results show that the improved method can suppress the endpoint effect generated by the empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Then, the improved Hilbert-Huang transform method is used to diagnose and analyze the unbalanced fault of the motor rotor, and the characteristics of the unbalanced fault signal can be extracted from the obtained IMF diagram and the Hilbert marginal spectrum. Finally, combined with the improved method of Hilbert-Huang transform proposed in this paper, a fault diagnosis system for rotor unbalance of motor based on LabVIEW is designed. Through experimental analysis, the system can effectively diagnose the unbalanced fault of motor rotor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM307

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