發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-05 21:15

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：大型離心式壓縮機(jī)葉輪靜動(dòng)載荷的分析與研究　出處：《東北大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 離心式壓縮機(jī) 葉輪 氣動(dòng)載荷 流固耦合 非定常

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)化的不斷加強(qiáng),人類(lèi)社會(huì)對(duì)氧氣、氮?dú)夂蜌鍤獾裙�業(yè)氣體的需求迅速增加,導(dǎo)致了空氣分離裝備的不斷大型化。而大型離心空氣壓縮機(jī)是大型空分氣離裝備的核心設(shè)備,其性能的好壞對(duì)整個(gè)空分裝備的安全可靠運(yùn)行都至關(guān)重要。葉輪是離心壓縮機(jī)的關(guān)鍵部件,葉輪承受的載荷主要包括旋轉(zhuǎn)離心力、軸系振動(dòng)力和氣動(dòng)力。離心力會(huì)使葉片產(chǎn)生較大的靜應(yīng)力,氣動(dòng)力及軸系振動(dòng)力將引起葉輪葉片的振動(dòng),從而使葉片產(chǎn)生較大的交變應(yīng)力,導(dǎo)致葉輪葉片的疲勞破壞。因此,葉片靜動(dòng)態(tài)載荷的確定成為葉輪設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)健問(wèn)題之一。本文依托973課題的研究背景,以制氧系統(tǒng)中的離心壓縮機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,借助CFD數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)研究了離心壓縮機(jī)葉輪的靜動(dòng)態(tài)載荷。基于單向流固耦合方法分析了壓縮機(jī)工作過(guò)程中的氣動(dòng)載荷及離心載荷對(duì)葉輪模態(tài)參數(shù)的影響,以及空氣入口參數(shù)對(duì)葉輪氣動(dòng)載荷的影響；并利用非定常流動(dòng)理論,研究了葉片氣動(dòng)載荷的瞬態(tài)特性。具體完成如下幾個(gè)內(nèi)容。(1)利用CFX軟件對(duì)葉輪內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行求解,并將計(jì)算的結(jié)果施加在葉輪表面,利用預(yù)應(yīng)力模態(tài)分析法,研究了離心力和氣動(dòng)載荷對(duì)葉輪模態(tài)參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,隨著階數(shù)的升高,預(yù)應(yīng)力對(duì)模態(tài)頻率的影響變大,其中氣動(dòng)載荷的影響較小。(2)通過(guò)調(diào)整理想氣體與理想水蒸氣的比例及改變進(jìn)氣溫度,研究了空氣相對(duì)濕度及進(jìn)氣溫度對(duì)葉輪表面氣動(dòng)載荷的影響規(guī)律。分析結(jié)果表明,葉輪表面氣動(dòng)載荷隨相對(duì)濕度的升高而增大,相對(duì)濕度每升高10%,氣動(dòng)載荷增大200Pa左右；葉輪表面氣動(dòng)載荷隨溫度的升高而升高,溫度每升高10℃,氣動(dòng)載荷增大2000Pa左右。(3)對(duì)葉輪內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了非定常計(jì)算,得到了在靜止導(dǎo)葉下葉輪表面氣動(dòng)載荷隨時(shí)間的變化規(guī)律,分析了導(dǎo)葉與葉輪之前的非定常干涉機(jī)理；分析了非諧設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)葉對(duì)葉輪內(nèi)部非定常流動(dòng)影響,揭示了非諧設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)葉對(duì)葉輪表面氣動(dòng)載荷的影響規(guī)律；結(jié)果表明,氣體激振頻率與導(dǎo)葉個(gè)數(shù)和葉輪轉(zhuǎn)速有關(guān)而與進(jìn)氣溫度無(wú)關(guān)；非諧設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)葉可以降低氣體的激振頻率,進(jìn)而使頻率等于導(dǎo)葉個(gè)數(shù)與轉(zhuǎn)速乘積的激勵(lì)載荷的幅值減小,但同時(shí)使氣體低階激勵(lì)載荷的幅值增大。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrialization of human society to strengthen, oxygen, nitrogen and argon and other industrial gas demand increased rapidly, leading to a large scale air separation equipment. But the centrifugal air compressor is large large air separation gas from the core equipment, are vital to the safe and reliable operation of the performance of the whole equipment is divided into empty. The impeller is the key component of centrifugal compressor impeller, including load bearing rotating centrifugal force and aerodynamic force. The vibration of shafting, the centrifugal force will make the blade static stress is large, the aerodynamic and shafting vibration will cause the vibration of the impeller blades, and the blades generate high alternating stress, cause fatigue failure of the impeller blade the static and dynamic load. Therefore, the leaves determined to become one of the Guan Jian problem of impeller design. This paper based on the research background of the subject 973, the oxygen system of centrifugal compressor As the research object, by means of static and dynamic loads on the centrifugal compressor impeller CFD numerical simulation technology. The unidirectional flow solid coupling method of compressor working process of pneumatic impact load and centrifugal force on the impeller based on modal parameters, and air entrance parameters affect on dynamic load of impeller gas; and the use of non steady flow theory and transient characteristics of blade aerodynamic load. Complete the following content. (1) to solve the impeller internal flow by using the CFX software, and the calculation results were applied in the impeller surface, using the method of prestressed modal, influence of aerodynamic load on the modal parameters of the impeller of centrifugal force. The results showed that with the elevation of order, effect of prestress on the modal frequency of the larger, the smaller influence of aerodynamic load. (2) the proportion of adjustment and change of ideal gas and water vapor into the ideal Study on the gas temperature, air relative humidity and air temperature on the impeller surface aerodynamic effect of load. The analysis results show that the impeller surface aerodynamic load increases with the increase of relative humidity, relative humidity increases every 10%, the aerodynamic load increases about 200Pa; the surface of impeller aerodynamic load increases with the increase of temperature, temperature for every increase of 10 degrees, the aerodynamic load increases about 2000Pa. (3) the internal flow field of the impeller of the unsteady calculation, obtained in the static load variation with time by impeller surface gas leaves, analyzed before the guide vane and the impeller of the unsteady interference mechanism; analysis of non harmonic design guide leaves on the impeller internal unsteady flow effect, reveals the non harmonic design of vanes on the impeller surface aerodynamic effect of load; the results show that the gas excitation frequency and guide vanes and impeller speed without closing and the intake air temperature; non Harmonic design of guide vane can reduce the excitation frequency of gas, and then reduce the amplitude of the excitation load with the frequency equal to the number and speed of the guide vane, but at the same time, increase the amplitude of the low order excitation load of the gas.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH452

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