發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 08:46

【摘要】：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)作為一種動(dòng)力源,是當(dāng)今用量最大、用途最廣的動(dòng)力機(jī)械之一。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)及科技的發(fā)展,發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展也日新月異。連桿是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的核心傳力部件之一,在工作過程中,承受著不斷變化的周期性燃燒壓力和慣性力的交變載荷,機(jī)械負(fù)荷嚴(yán)重,工作條件惡劣。連桿的可靠性一直是人們在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)研究和改進(jìn)過程中關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問題。為避免連桿小端的應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象,在連桿小端壓入滑動(dòng)軸承——襯套,二者的配合屬于厚壁圓筒與薄壁圓筒的過盈配合。傳統(tǒng)的過盈配合理論都是以厚壁圓筒為模型,這些理論對于連桿小端與襯套的過盈配合并不適用。長期以來襯套的安裝都是憑借經(jīng)驗(yàn)完成的,缺少一個(gè)可靠的理論支持體系。本課題將針對某特定型號發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行分析,得出其過盈配合的合理過盈量,并推廣到此類模型的過盈配合,研究工作主要包括以下內(nèi)容: 1)對連桿小端與襯套過盈配合的模型進(jìn)行簡化,將二者分別簡化為厚壁圓筒及薄壁圓筒; 2)在現(xiàn)有的厚壁圓筒理論基礎(chǔ)上,對薄壁圓筒的受力情況作合理假設(shè),以Lame公式為基礎(chǔ),推導(dǎo)出薄壁筒受外壓時(shí)的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變公式以及厚壁圓筒與薄壁圓筒過盈配合的過盈量計(jì)算公式; 3)分析某型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在工作過程中的受力情況,計(jì)算連桿小端在承受最大載荷時(shí)襯套與連桿小端所需的最小結(jié)合壓力,以及為保證連桿及襯套不發(fā)生塑性變形允許的最大結(jié)合壓力,據(jù)此得出過盈量的數(shù)值范圍; 4)利用ANSYS軟件對此過盈配合進(jìn)行仿真分析,得出不同過盈量下的最大等效應(yīng)力及接觸應(yīng)力,與理論值進(jìn)行比較,驗(yàn)證理論計(jì)算的正確性,及ANSYS軟件的實(shí)用性; 5)編寫ANSYS程序,對此類過盈配合進(jìn)行參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì),以推廣到其余的機(jī)型。研究的結(jié)果表明,推導(dǎo)出的厚壁筒與薄壁筒過盈配合過盈量的計(jì)算公式對連桿小端與襯套是適用的,且通過ANSYS軟件可以對此類問題實(shí)現(xiàn)參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:As one kind of power source, engine is one of the most widely used power machines. With the development of economy and science and technology, the development of engine technology is changing with each passing day. Connecting rod is one of the core force components of the engine. In the working process, the alternating load of the changing periodic combustion pressure and the inertia force is carried out. The mechanical load is serious and the working conditions are bad. The reliability of the connecting rod has always been a hot issue in the process of engine research and improvement. In order to avoid the stress concentration in the small end of the connecting rod, the sliding bearing - bushing is pressed into the small end of the connecting rod. The combination of the two is the interference of the thick wall cylinder and the thin-walled cylinder. The theory is based on thick wall cylinder, and these theories are not applicable to the interference combination of the small end and the bushing of the connecting rod. For a long time, the installation of the bushing is completed by experience and lacks a reliable theoretical support system. It has been extended to interference fit of such models.
1) simplify the model of interference fit between the small end of the connecting rod and the bushing, and simplify the two parts to the thick wall cylinder and the thin wall cylinder respectively.
2) on the basis of the existing thick wall cylinder theory, the stress situation of the thin-walled cylinder is assumed reasonable. Based on the Lame formula, the stress and strain formula of the thin-walled cylinder under external pressure and the calculation formula of the interference of the interference fit of the thick wall cylinder and the thin wall cylinder are derived.
3) to analyze the force situation of a certain type of engine during the working process, to calculate the minimum binding pressure required by the small end of the connecting rod and the small end of the connecting rod, as well as to ensure the maximum combination pressure of the connecting rod and the bushing without plastic deformation, and then the numerical range of the interference amount is obtained.
4) use ANSYS software to simulate the interference fit, get the maximum equivalent stress and contact stress under different interference amount, compare with the theoretical value, verify the correctness of the theoretical calculation, and the practicability of the ANSYS software.
5) write the ANSYS program and parameterize this kind of interference fit in order to spread to the other models. The result of the study shows that the formula for calculating the interference fit between thick wall tube and thin wall cylinder is applicable to the small end and bushing of the connecting rod, and the parameterized design can be realized through the ANSYS software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH131.7

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