發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-11 13:25

【摘要】：在過去的2016年,人工智能、虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)、可穿戴設(shè)備等已成為科技行業(yè)研究的前沿和熱點(diǎn),這些研究都不可避免的需要人與計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行交互,語音比鍵盤鼠標(biāo)的交互方式有更高的效率,且語音有復(fù)雜的情感表達(dá),對交互的體驗(yàn)有很大的提升。因此語音識(shí)別技術(shù)必將作為人機(jī)交互最便捷的方式而被廣泛應(yīng)用。長期以來,在語音識(shí)別領(lǐng)域聲學(xué)模型的建模都是使用GMM-HMM模型,該模型具有可靠的精度,并且有成熟的EM算法來進(jìn)行模型參數(shù)訓(xùn)練,因此GMM-HMM模型廣泛應(yīng)用在語音識(shí)別領(lǐng)域。但因?yàn)镚MM模型屬于淺層模型,隨著數(shù)據(jù)量的增加建模能力明顯不足。深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(DNN)因其對復(fù)雜數(shù)據(jù)有更好的建模與學(xué)習(xí)能力,成為語音識(shí)別領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)。本文深入研究了基于HMM模型和DNN模型的識(shí)別算法,分析兩個(gè)模型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及不足,主要進(jìn)行了以下工作:(1)對基于隱馬爾科夫模型(HMM)的語音識(shí)別算法進(jìn)行深入研究,并使用CMUSphinx語音識(shí)別平臺(tái)構(gòu)建一個(gè)機(jī)器人控制命令語音識(shí)別系統(tǒng),對機(jī)器人十個(gè)控制命令的語音信號(hào)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練得到語言模型和聲學(xué)模型。實(shí)驗(yàn)解碼結(jié)果表明,該系統(tǒng)平均錯(cuò)詞率為7.1%,具有良好的識(shí)別效果,在小詞匯量漢語語音識(shí)別中具有較高的識(shí)別率。(2)針對HMM模型的不足,對深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的深度信念網(wǎng)絡(luò)(DBN)深入研究,使用Kaldi語音識(shí)別工具實(shí)現(xiàn)了大詞匯量中文連續(xù)語音識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建,對中文開源語音庫THCHS30進(jìn)行DNN聲學(xué)模型訓(xùn)練,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明DNN模型比三音子模型錯(cuò)詞率降低了5.79%,DNN模型在大詞匯量語音識(shí)別系統(tǒng)中具有更好的識(shí)別效果。同時(shí)本文使用Kaldi對TIMIT語音庫訓(xùn)練得到大詞匯量英文語音識(shí)別系統(tǒng),取得了較高的識(shí)別率。(3)噪聲干擾一直是語音識(shí)別的難點(diǎn),在使用Kaldi進(jìn)行聲學(xué)模型訓(xùn)練的過程中,通過在訓(xùn)練和測試語音加入白噪聲、汽車背景噪聲、自助餐背景噪聲進(jìn)行DNN訓(xùn)練,并與多種模型對比,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明DAE模型在低維表示方面具有更好的效果,可以用于恢復(fù)噪聲損壞的輸入。
[Abstract]:In the past 2016, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, wearable devices and so on have become the frontier and hot spot of the technology industry research, these research inevitably need people and computer interaction, Speech is more efficient than keyboard and mouse, and speech has complex emotion expression, so the interaction experience is greatly improved. Therefore, speech recognition technology will be widely used as the most convenient way of human-computer interaction. For a long time, the modeling of acoustic models in the field of speech recognition is based on GMM-HMM model, which has reliable precision and mature EM algorithm to train the model parameters. Therefore, GMM-HMM model is widely used in the field of speech recognition. However, because GMM model belongs to shallow model, the ability of modeling is obviously insufficient with the increase of data volume. Deep neural network (DNN) has become a hot topic in speech recognition field because of its better modeling and learning ability for complex data. In this paper, the recognition algorithms based on HMM model and DNN model are deeply studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two models are analyzed. The main work is as follows: (1) the speech recognition algorithm based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is studied deeply. A robot control command speech recognition system is constructed by using CMUSphinx speech recognition platform, and the speech model and acoustic model are obtained by training the speech signal of the robot's ten control commands. The experimental results show that the average error rate of the system is 7.1, which has a good recognition effect, and has a high recognition rate in small vocabulary Chinese speech recognition. (2) aiming at the deficiency of HMM model, In this paper, the deep belief network (DBN) in depth neural network is deeply studied, the large vocabulary Chinese continuous speech recognition system is constructed by using Kaldi speech recognition tool, and the DNN acoustic model training is carried out on THCHS30, a Chinese open source speech database. The experimental results show that the DNN model has a better recognition effect in the large vocabulary speech recognition system than the trisyllabic model. At the same time, this paper uses Kaldi to train the TIMIT speech corpus to obtain a large vocabulary English speech recognition system, and obtains a high recognition rate. (3) noise interference is always a difficult point in speech recognition. In the process of using Kaldi to train acoustic model, By adding white noise, automobile background noise and buffet background noise into the training and testing speech, the DNN training is carried out, and compared with many models, the experimental results show that the DAE model is more effective in low dimensional representation. Can be used to restore noise damaged input.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN912.34

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