發(fā)布時間：2018-05-23 14:25

  本文選題：成人依戀 + 去激活策略　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在充滿各種威脅的環(huán)境中,剛出生的嬰幼兒只能通過哭、笑等反應(yīng)向母親等養(yǎng)育者發(fā)出信號,以求獲得關(guān)愛和幫助。在危險事件發(fā)生時,人們會愿意依靠他人以尋求幫助和支持。個體與生俱有尋求親密和社會交往的需要,在與養(yǎng)育者長期穩(wěn)定的相互作用過程中形成了一種情感聯(lián)結(jié),即依戀。依戀行為具有重要的進化意義,可以保護個體避免遭受身體和心理的威脅,緩解壓力,促使個體開展活動和探索環(huán)境,發(fā)展能力和完善人格。 與依戀對象的交互作用對一個人的依戀風(fēng)格的形成有很大影響。依戀對象對個體尋求親密需求的敏感和及時響應(yīng)有利于依戀安全感的獲得,并且形成情緒管理的安全策略。但是,當(dāng)重要依戀對象不可得,或?qū)π枨鬀]有回應(yīng)時,個體尋求親密的行為無助于減少壓力,也不能獲得依戀安全感,最終形成情緒管理的次級依戀策略。次級依戀策略包括激活策略和去激活策略。根據(jù)Brennan等人理論模型和研究結(jié)果,成人依戀風(fēng)格可分為依戀焦慮維度和依戀回避維度。激活策略和去激活策略分別是依戀焦慮維度和依戀回避維度高分者的特征。 本研究關(guān)注去激活策略,包括事前策略和事后策略,如何有助于依戀回避個體有效地管理情緒。研究采用ERP技術(shù),選取N170成分和新舊效應(yīng)指標(biāo),在考察依戀回避個體對情緒面孔的注意和記憶加工過程基礎(chǔ)上,探討事前策略和事后策略各自的功能。本研究中,用面孔學(xué)習(xí)再認(rèn)范式,呈現(xiàn)的刺激包括正性面孔、中性面孔和負(fù)性面孔三種圖片。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)高依戀回避個體在觀看正性和負(fù)性面孔時,引發(fā)比觀看中性面孔更人的N170波幅,表明其在處理情緒面孔圖片時分配了更多的認(rèn)知資源。(2)高依戀回避個體僅對中性面孔顯示出早期新舊效應(yīng)和頂區(qū)新舊效應(yīng),在正性和負(fù)性面孔條件下沒有顯著的新舊效應(yīng)。(3)低依戀回避個體在觀看三種情緒面孔圖片時產(chǎn)生的N170波幅都沒有差異。(4)低依戀回避個體對負(fù)性面孔和中性面孔有顯著的新舊效應(yīng)。 總之,這些結(jié)果表明高依戀回避個體在認(rèn)知加工早期階段分配了更多資源注意情緒面孔,在后期階段成功抑制了對情緒面孔的記憶。
[Abstract]:In a menacing environment, newborns can only send signals to nurturers, such as mothers, by crying, laughing, and so on, for care and help. When dangerous events occur, people are willing to rely on others for help and support. Individuals and birth have the need to seek intimacy and social interaction, and form a kind of emotional connection, that is, attachment, in the process of long-term stable interaction with the nurturer. Attachment behavior has important evolutionary significance, which can protect individuals from physical and psychological threats, relieve pressure, promote individual activities and explore the environment, develop ability and perfect personality. The interaction with attachment objects has great influence on the formation of attachment style. The sensitivity and timely response of the attachment object to seeking the intimate needs of the individual is conducive to the acquisition of attachment security and the formation of a security strategy for emotional management. However, when the important attachment objects are not available or there is no response to the needs, the individual seeking intimate behavior does not help to reduce stress, nor to obtain the attachment security, and finally forms the secondary attachment strategy of emotional management. Secondary attachment strategy includes activation strategy and deactivation strategy. According to Brennan's theoretical model and research results, adult attachment style can be divided into attachment anxiety dimension and attachment avoidance dimension. Activation strategy and deactivation strategy are the characteristics of high scores of attachment anxiety dimension and attachment avoidance dimension respectively. This study focuses on how deactivation strategies, including ex ante strategies and ex post strategies, contribute to the effective management of attachment avoidance individuals. Based on the ERP technique, the N170 component and the new and old effect indexes were selected, and based on the investigation of the attention and memory process of attachment avoidance individuals to emotional faces, the respective functions of prior strategy and ex post strategy were discussed. In this study, face learning recognition paradigm was used. The stimuli included positive face, neutral face and negative face. The results showed that the high attachment evaded the N170 amplitude of positive and negative faces, which was higher than that of neutral faces. The results showed that the individuals with high attachment avoidance only showed early old and old effects on neutral faces and old and new effects on the top of the face, which indicated that they were assigned more cognitive resources when dealing with emotional face images. There is no significant new and old effect in positive and negative faces.) the amplitude of N170 produced by low attachment avoidance individuals in viewing three kinds of emotional faces is not different. 4) the low attachment avoidance individuals have negative and neutral faces. Significant new and old effects. In conclusion, these results suggest that high attachment avoidance individuals allocate more resources to pay attention to emotional faces in the early stage of cognitive processing, and successfully inhibit the memory of emotional faces in later stages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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本文編號：1925146