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  本文關鍵詞： 授受動詞 給 得到 視角 方向性　出處：《吉林大學》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： “授受動詞”是日語的一大特色,其用法頗為復雜。在對現代日語語法的研究中,很多專家學者都對日語授受動詞作了深入細致的研究。日本學者迄今為止的研究中多是從“視角”、“方向性”、“恩惠性”等方面來加以論述的。漢語言研究中對于日語授受動詞的研究也是一個重要的命題,只不過漢語沒有給這類詞確定一個總概念。這兩者之間存在著形態(tài)上,使用上的異同,本文主要探討了這兩者產生異同的原因,以及在漢日語言的翻譯中應如何注意這些差異并準確轉換。 本文分“授受動詞”和“授受補助動詞”兩大部分,分別從概念、句子結構、語義特征、對間接賓語的限制和表敬方式五個方面與漢語的“給”、“得到”進行了對比分析。主要結論如下: 由于被“視角”、“方向性”和“恩惠性”這些特性所制約,日語的授受動詞語義是固定的,狹義的。而漢語則不受“視角”、“方向性”和“恩惠性”這些特性的制約,語義是不定的,廣義的。 日語授受動詞句中,日語具有語序不影響語句的功能,接受者(給與者)及助詞所組成的文節(jié)可以與所授受(給與)的事物及助詞所組成的文節(jié)互換位置,而漢語的“給”“得到”句則不可以。
[Abstract]:"the verb of teaching and receiving" is a major feature of Japanese, and its usage is quite complicated. In the study of the grammar of modern Japanese. Many experts and scholars have made a thorough and meticulous study on Japanese teaching and accepting verbs. So far, most of the Japanese scholars' studies have been from the "angle of view" and "directionality". In the study of Chinese language, it is also an important proposition to study the Japanese teaching and accepting verbs. However, Chinese does not define a general concept for this kind of words. There are similarities and differences in morphology and use between the two words. This paper mainly discusses the reasons for the similarities and differences between the two words. And how to pay attention to these differences and convert them accurately in the translation of Chinese and Japanese languages. This paper is divided into two parts: "giving and receiving verbs" and "giving supplementary verbs", respectively, from five aspects: concept, sentence structure, semantic features, restrictions on indirect objects and ways of expressing respect, and "giving" in Chinese. The main conclusions are as follows: Restricted by the characteristics of "visual angle", "directionality" and "favor", the meaning of teaching verb in Japanese is fixed and narrow sense, while Chinese is not subject to "angle of view". The restriction of the characteristics of "directionality" and "favor" is indeterminate and generalized. Japanese language has the function that word order does not affect the sentence. The section composed of receiver (giver) and auxiliary word can swap the position with the given (given) thing and auxiliary word. But the sentence "give" and "get" in Chinese is not allowed.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：H364

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