發(fā)布時間：2018-02-03 12:00

  本文關鍵詞： “被”字句 無標記受事主語句 差異對比 句式轉換　出處：《南京林業(yè)大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文基于“三個平面”語法理論,以現(xiàn)代漢語中的“被”字句和無標記受事主語句為研究對象,分析比較了兩種句式句法、語義和語用三個平面的特點。句法平面對“被”字句和無標記受事主語句各成分在句法上的構成和特征進行描寫,發(fā)現(xiàn)“被”字句在一定條件下會出現(xiàn)省略主語或有零主語的情況,而無標記受事主語句沒有零主語的情況；“被”字句處于“被……所……”句式時,光桿動詞可以直接充當“被”字句的謂語動詞。語義平面比較了“被”字句和無標記受事主語句各成分的語義角色、語義特征、語義色彩、語義限制條件,比較發(fā)現(xiàn)“被”字句的主語多具有生命性,而無標記受事主語句的主語多具有無生命性；一些動作性不強的表示心理感知過程的心理動詞可以出現(xiàn)在無標記受事主語句中,卻不能出現(xiàn)在“被”字句中；“被”字所具有“不如意、有所損失”的語義色彩,強烈的被動意味以及指示句中存在的因果關系是無標記受事主語句無法體現(xiàn)的。語用平面分析了“被”字句和無標記受事主語句的話題功能、話語焦點和話語表達選擇,并比較了這兩種句式的句式構式意義。論文還討論了“被”字句和無標記受事主語句的轉換及其制約條件。
[Abstract]:Based on the grammar theory of "three planes", this paper analyzes and compares the sentence structure of "Bei" and unmarked subject sentence in modern Chinese. The syntactic plane describes the syntactic composition and characteristics of each component of the sentence "Bei" and the unmarked subject sentence. It is found that under certain conditions, the sentence "Bei" will have the situation of omitting the subject or having a zero subject, while the unmarked subject statement does not have the zero subject. When the sentence "Bei" is in the sentence pattern of "by...", the bare verb can directly act as the predicate verb of the sentence. The semantic plane compares the semantic roles of each component of the sentence "Bei" with that of the unmarked subject. Semantic features, semantic color, semantic constraints, the comparison found that the subject of "be" sentence has life, while the subject of unmarked subject sentence has no life; Some psychological verbs, which are not strong in action, can appear in the unmarked subject sentence, but can not appear in the sentence of "be". The word "be" has the semantic color of "discontentment and loss". The strong passive meaning and the causality in the demonstrative sentence can not be reflected by the unmarked subject sentence. The pragmatic plane analyzes the topic function of the "be" sentence and the unmarked subject sentence. The choice of discourse focus and discourse expression, and the comparison of the construction meanings of these two kinds of sentence patterns are also given. The paper also discusses the transformation of "Bei" sentence and unmarked subject sentence and its restrictive conditions.
【學位授予單位】：南京林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146.3

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 屈哨兵;現(xiàn)代漢語被動標記研究[D];華中師范大學;2004年

2 游舒;現(xiàn)代漢語被字句研究[D];武漢大學;2005年

相關碩士學位論文 前3條

1 權惠莉;基于對外漢語教學的動結式“V好”、“V完”的研究[D];北京大學;2013年

2 戴雨萍;漢語作為第二語言的無標記被動句習得研究[D];湖南師范大學;2013年

3 王曉潔;“被”字句教學設計[D];吉林大學;2014年

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本文編號：1487328