同袍所生，人格各異—《喧嘩與騷動》中三兄弟弗氏的人格解讀
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-06 18:30
【摘要】：上世紀二十年代以降，�？思{逐漸成為一朵世紀文學史上的奇葩。他以獨特的語言應用技巧，精妙的文章結構布局和對涵蓋著南方特征的“郵票般”大小地方的反思而受到評論家和讀者的認識、接受和青睞�！缎鷩W與騷動》是福克納第一部也是他最喜愛的一部長篇小說，其對“意識流”的反復應用深刻的描摹出了人物的內心世界，表現(xiàn)出人物的鮮明的人格特征，突出了�？思{小說中的人物是“哲理性的而不是地域性的”特點，揭示了人物內心深處的躁動和不安。 �？思{是以筆代刀來解剖人的內心世界，西格蒙德·弗洛伊德卻以臨床實驗為基礎走進人們的心理世界。同時代的兩位大師在對同一問題從不同方面對人性進行了解剖和分析。 弗洛伊德認為人格是由本我、自我和超我組成。本我處是與人的原始本能有關的內容，，以出生時的遺傳基因和后天的影響形成，以快樂為原則，尋找出路；自我處源自于本我但受到外部世界的影響，以現(xiàn)實為原則，監(jiān)督本我，適當滿足超我；超我處在人格的最高層，它以本我中原始的影像為基礎，以克服戀母情節(jié)為動力，從自我中脫離出來，奉行至善原則，指導自我，限制本我。弗洛伊德認為人格的形成是一個充滿沖突和斗爭的過程，也是一個由低級向高級自我完善的過程。 將人格結構引入精神批評領域已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢，但將其用于分析《喧嘩與騷動》中人物的人格特征卻不多見。美國學者凱瑟琳·摩爾（2000）在戀母情結和創(chuàng)傷的基礎上間接的提到了小說中杰生的自我和超我；國內學者楊鳳（2005）、朱正武、吳晟（2006）認為小說中的班吉、昆丁和杰生分別代表著本我、自我和超我，但鐘淑敏（2007）卻認為杰生是自我的代表。本文在結合文本的基礎之上認為班吉、昆丁和杰生都有各自的本我、自我和超我，都有各自的戀母情結，創(chuàng)傷的表達形式，這一解釋也和人格結構理論是一致的。 本論文由五部分組成。第一部分以對比、推理的形式介紹了福克納和他的作品及本論文研究的目的。第二部分為文獻綜述，論述了國外、國內對《喧嘩與騷動》的研究狀況。第三部分介紹了弗洛伊德的三重人格構建理論及其與戀母情結和創(chuàng)傷的關系。 第四部分是本論文的核心，結合文本，本文分別論述了三個人物的本我、自我和超我所的特征，指出：班吉雖然是傻子，但他的敘述是由一系列如鋼絲一般貫穿始終的事件所牽引，完整的展現(xiàn)了一個自我、超我和本我的結合體。班吉在喝酒、侵犯女學生和對凱蒂的回憶中中凸顯了本我的一面；在尋找錢和嗅出凱蒂的內疚和大姆娣死亡方面，顯示出自我和超我的特征。班吉的本我是客觀的，受壓抑的；他的自我是無聲的，超我則是超靈的。 昆丁的本我表現(xiàn)出他受父親的遺傳居多并且在后天的成長中受父影響而形成�？灯丈壬鷮r間的消極態(tài)度，對女性貞操的漠然表現(xiàn)在昆丁身上，使他在對凱蒂的糾結中無法自拔，從而成為他人格失衡的根源。他的自我表現(xiàn)在與外部世界，自我與本我及超我之間的關系中。昆丁南方騎士式的超我則完全脫離了實際，顯得僵化；他的自我則顯示出一種悲劇化的浪漫，引導著他走向死亡。 杰生的本我表現(xiàn)出他受母親的遺傳居多，杰生和他媽媽一樣顯得自私、冷漠和缺少責任。杰生從小就被排斥而缺少愛，給他心理上留下了無盡的創(chuàng)傷。他因此顯得自戀而無理性，他的自我?guī)е鴦?chuàng)傷，他的超我則近乎扭曲。 第五部分進一步指出了小說人物沖突的根源，它和小說中人物所處的時代，作家的寫作狀態(tài)和創(chuàng)作目的是分不開的。第六部分總結全文并指出：以弗洛伊德的人格結構理論、戀母情節(jié)及創(chuàng)傷來解讀小說中三兄弟的心理旅程的研究說明了以人格構建理論探析人物的內心世界應該在充分結合文本的基礎上全面的、綜合的和動態(tài)的分析人物具體所處的環(huán)境，他們的表達方式和行為；同時，在他們人格沖突的背后，是和小說的人物背景，作家的寫作狀態(tài)和寫作目的是不可分割的。
[Abstract]:In the 1920 's, Faulkner gradually became a great scholar in the history of a century. He is subject to the recognition, acceptance and favor of critics and readers with a unique language application technique, a fine article structure layout, and a "size-and-size" reflection of the "stamp-like" size of the southern feature. "The noise and the commotion" is the first part of Faulkner's first and his favorite novel, and the repeated application of the "turbulent flow" has traced the inner world of the characters and showed the distinctive character of the characters, and the character of the Faulkner's novel is the "Philosophical, rather than regional." characteristic. It reveals the restlessness and the uneasiness of the person's heart. Faulkner is the inner world of the human being with a pencil knife, and Mond Freud, on the basis of the clinical experiment, enters the people's psychological world. The two masters of the same age have dissected and divided the human nature from different aspects of the same problem Analysis. Freud believed that the personality was made up of me, my self and the super I am composed. This is the content related to the original instinct of the human, which is formed by the genetic and the acquired influence of the birth, the principle of happiness, and the way out; the self-place is derived from the influence of the external world, the principle of reality, the supervision of the present, the appropriate full I am at the highest level of the personality, and it is based on the original image in the world, so as to overcome the love of the mother of the mother, to escape from the self, to the principle of good, to guide the self, to limit. The formation of personality is a process of conflict and struggle, and a low-level self-improvement. The process of introducing the personality structure into the field of mental criticism has become a trend, but it is used to analyze the personality of the characters in the noise and the commotion. The sign is rare. The American scholar, Catherine Moore (2000), alluded to the self and the superego of the novel Zhongjie on the basis of the mother's complex and the trauma. The domestic scholar Yang Feng (2005), Zhu Zhengwu, Wu Jun (2006) thought that Bangui, Quentin and Jisheng in the novel represent me, respectively. Self and over me, but Zhong Shimin (2007) thought that Germ was On the basis of the text, this paper holds that in Bangui, Quentin and Jisheng all have their own, self and super-me, have their own mother complex, the expression of the wound, this explanation and the personality structure. The theory is consistent. This theory The first part introduces Faulkner and his works in the form of contrast and reasoning. The second part is a review of the literature, and the foreign and domestic responses to the noise and the Sao Paulo are discussed. The third part introduces Freud's theory of three-personality and its relationship with the love of the mother. The fourth part is the core of this paper, and in the text, this article discusses the characteristics of the three characters in this article, the self and the superego, and points out that, while Bangui is a fool, his account is made of a series of such as steel wires. The whole life of the event is drawn, and the whole shows a self, Over me and my combination. In Bangui, I've been drinking, violating the female students and the memory of Katie. I'm looking for money and smelling Katie's guilt and Dom's death. From me and beyond my character. I am objective and repressed in Bangui. His ego is silent. I'm super-clever. Quentin's book shows that he's more inherited by his father and is acquired by the day after tomorrow. The influence of the father in the growth of the growth, the negative attitude of Mr. Conform on time, the indifference of the female chastity in the body of Quentin, and made him unable to pull himself from the knot of Katie. It is the source of his personality imbalance. His self-expression is in the outer world, the self and the In the relationship between me and the superego, the Quentin South-style super-I was completely out of the real and rigid; his ego showed a tragedy. Romance, leading him to death. Jason's Ben I showed that he was most of his mother's inheritance, Jason and his mother. The appearance is selfish, apathy, and lack of responsibility. It's an endless trauma to him. He's so narcissistic and irrational, and his self-belt The fifth part further points out the root of the novel character's conflict, it and the times of the characters in the novel, the writer In the sixth part, the author points out that the study on the psychological journey of the three brothers in the novel by the theory of Freud's personality structure, the plot of the love and the trauma, explains the inner world of the person in the theory of personality construction. The comprehensive, comprehensive and dynamic analysis of the environment, their expression and behavior on the basis of the full combination of the text; and, at the same time, in the context of their personality conflicts, the background of the characters and the writers of the novel
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074
本文編號：2494512
[Abstract]:In the 1920 's, Faulkner gradually became a great scholar in the history of a century. He is subject to the recognition, acceptance and favor of critics and readers with a unique language application technique, a fine article structure layout, and a "size-and-size" reflection of the "stamp-like" size of the southern feature. "The noise and the commotion" is the first part of Faulkner's first and his favorite novel, and the repeated application of the "turbulent flow" has traced the inner world of the characters and showed the distinctive character of the characters, and the character of the Faulkner's novel is the "Philosophical, rather than regional." characteristic. It reveals the restlessness and the uneasiness of the person's heart. Faulkner is the inner world of the human being with a pencil knife, and Mond Freud, on the basis of the clinical experiment, enters the people's psychological world. The two masters of the same age have dissected and divided the human nature from different aspects of the same problem Analysis. Freud believed that the personality was made up of me, my self and the super I am composed. This is the content related to the original instinct of the human, which is formed by the genetic and the acquired influence of the birth, the principle of happiness, and the way out; the self-place is derived from the influence of the external world, the principle of reality, the supervision of the present, the appropriate full I am at the highest level of the personality, and it is based on the original image in the world, so as to overcome the love of the mother of the mother, to escape from the self, to the principle of good, to guide the self, to limit. The formation of personality is a process of conflict and struggle, and a low-level self-improvement. The process of introducing the personality structure into the field of mental criticism has become a trend, but it is used to analyze the personality of the characters in the noise and the commotion. The sign is rare. The American scholar, Catherine Moore (2000), alluded to the self and the superego of the novel Zhongjie on the basis of the mother's complex and the trauma. The domestic scholar Yang Feng (2005), Zhu Zhengwu, Wu Jun (2006) thought that Bangui, Quentin and Jisheng in the novel represent me, respectively. Self and over me, but Zhong Shimin (2007) thought that Germ was On the basis of the text, this paper holds that in Bangui, Quentin and Jisheng all have their own, self and super-me, have their own mother complex, the expression of the wound, this explanation and the personality structure. The theory is consistent. This theory The first part introduces Faulkner and his works in the form of contrast and reasoning. The second part is a review of the literature, and the foreign and domestic responses to the noise and the Sao Paulo are discussed. The third part introduces Freud's theory of three-personality and its relationship with the love of the mother. The fourth part is the core of this paper, and in the text, this article discusses the characteristics of the three characters in this article, the self and the superego, and points out that, while Bangui is a fool, his account is made of a series of such as steel wires. The whole life of the event is drawn, and the whole shows a self, Over me and my combination. In Bangui, I've been drinking, violating the female students and the memory of Katie. I'm looking for money and smelling Katie's guilt and Dom's death. From me and beyond my character. I am objective and repressed in Bangui. His ego is silent. I'm super-clever. Quentin's book shows that he's more inherited by his father and is acquired by the day after tomorrow. The influence of the father in the growth of the growth, the negative attitude of Mr. Conform on time, the indifference of the female chastity in the body of Quentin, and made him unable to pull himself from the knot of Katie. It is the source of his personality imbalance. His self-expression is in the outer world, the self and the In the relationship between me and the superego, the Quentin South-style super-I was completely out of the real and rigid; his ego showed a tragedy. Romance, leading him to death. Jason's Ben I showed that he was most of his mother's inheritance, Jason and his mother. The appearance is selfish, apathy, and lack of responsibility. It's an endless trauma to him. He's so narcissistic and irrational, and his self-belt The fifth part further points out the root of the novel character's conflict, it and the times of the characters in the novel, the writer In the sixth part, the author points out that the study on the psychological journey of the three brothers in the novel by the theory of Freud's personality structure, the plot of the love and the trauma, explains the inner world of the person in the theory of personality construction. The comprehensive, comprehensive and dynamic analysis of the environment, their expression and behavior on the basis of the full combination of the text; and, at the same time, in the context of their personality conflicts, the background of the characters and the writers of the novel
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074
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