發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-10 10:42

  本文選題：桂北平話 + 一級(jí)元音�。� 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在語(yǔ)言學(xué)界平話的內(nèi)部分合、系屬及分區(qū)還存在較大的爭(zhēng)議,對(duì)平話的研究主要集中在對(duì)單點(diǎn)或多點(diǎn)靜態(tài)的音系整理上,對(duì)桂北平話內(nèi)部進(jìn)行橫向比較的也多是從共時(shí)的語(yǔ)言面貌進(jìn)行描述,目前還沒(méi)有人運(yùn)用實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)的方法對(duì)桂北平話元音的聲學(xué)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行描繪并進(jìn)行橫向的比較。筆者在前人提供翔實(shí)的桂北平話音系和同音字匯的基礎(chǔ)上,選取桂北平話8個(gè)方言點(diǎn)臨桂四塘、六塘、兩江、義寧,靈川定江,永福桃城,灌陽(yáng)觀音閣和全州文橋,從一種方言系統(tǒng)的底層元音即一級(jí)元音的角度,運(yùn)用實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)方法,以元音格局理論為指導(dǎo),從元音的分級(jí)來(lái)考察桂北平話元音的拼合能力的強(qiáng)弱,運(yùn)用Praat語(yǔ)音軟件提取一級(jí)元音的共振峰數(shù)據(jù),繪制一級(jí)元音聲學(xué)圖,以此來(lái)看桂北平話8個(gè)方言點(diǎn)元音的聲學(xué)特征,再?gòu)南鄬?duì)化歸一化之后的元音V值圖來(lái)考察桂北平話元音格局的特點(diǎn),以此來(lái)看桂北平話內(nèi)部元音的格局特點(diǎn)的的一致性與差異性,依據(jù)各點(diǎn)的元音音位、元音類型、元音格局特點(diǎn)分析方言點(diǎn)之間的親疏度,對(duì)桂北平話8個(gè)方言點(diǎn)分片。 文章分為五部分：第一部分是引言部分,介紹文章的選題緣由、已有的對(duì)桂北平話的研究、已有的對(duì)民族語(yǔ)言(方言)元音的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究、元音格局理論的提出及應(yīng)用范圍。確定本文研究的方言點(diǎn)、角度、手段和理論。第二部分對(duì)前人發(fā)表的8個(gè)方言點(diǎn)音系進(jìn)行整理,運(yùn)用元音格局的分級(jí)理論對(duì)韻母進(jìn)行元音分級(jí),得出了桂北平話四級(jí)元音的音位,從分級(jí)中看到：同一元音在不同方言點(diǎn)的拼合能力的強(qiáng)弱不同；桂北平話元音拼合能力強(qiáng)弱的排序：/a//o//e//(?)//i//u/。第三部分介紹了本文的實(shí)驗(yàn)程序和方法,包括錄音人的情況、錄音字表的制作、樣本量的情況、實(shí)驗(yàn)的步驟。 文章最重要的是第四部分和第五部分。第四部分從元音聲學(xué)圖的角度,以元音第一共振峰F1作為縱坐標(biāo),對(duì)應(yīng)舌位的高低,元音的第二共振峰F2作為橫坐標(biāo),對(duì)應(yīng)舌位的前后,繪制元音聲學(xué)圖。8個(gè)方言點(diǎn)的一級(jí)元音聲學(xué)圖實(shí)驗(yàn)表明：桂北平話/y/有央化趨勢(shì),在女性中表現(xiàn)尤為明顯；/(?)/在男女中的聲學(xué)位置差異較大,/a/在男的聲學(xué)圖一般表現(xiàn)為央元音的位置,/(?)/在女的聲學(xué)圖一般表現(xiàn)為央偏后元音的位置；/o/略微低化。第五部分從元音V值圖來(lái)看桂北平話元音格局的特點(diǎn),并對(duì)8個(gè)方言點(diǎn)一級(jí)元音的9個(gè)共有元音進(jìn)行格局特點(diǎn)的比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)桂北平話／e／、／y/在各點(diǎn)的實(shí)際讀音差異較大,/e/的音值范圍在/e/到/E/移動(dòng),/y/在臨桂四塘、臨桂六塘、永福桃城3個(gè)方言點(diǎn)中表現(xiàn)為央元音的格局,央化趨勢(shì)明顯；/o/的實(shí)際音值是/(?)/。從元音V值圖分析了桂北平話是屬于六元音型或七元音類型,依據(jù)元音類型和音位特征排除了全州文橋?qū)儆诠鸨逼皆挼目赡苄�。最后依�?jù)元音音位、元音類型、元音格局的特點(diǎn),嘗試對(duì)桂北平話7個(gè)點(diǎn)內(nèi)部分片：首先以音位/(?)/的有無(wú)來(lái)劃分為“/(?)/片”和“非/(?)/片”,“/(?)/片”包括靈川定江、灌陽(yáng)觀音閣,然后在兩小片內(nèi)依據(jù)/e/音位的有無(wú),分析片內(nèi)方言點(diǎn)的親疏度,分別描述了/e/和/y/的格局特點(diǎn),從/e/、/y/的格局特點(diǎn)在兩片對(duì)內(nèi)一致性與對(duì)外差異性支撐了我們分片的結(jié)果：(1)“/(?)/片”包括靈川定江、灌陽(yáng)觀音閣、臨桂六塘,因?yàn)殪`川定江、灌陽(yáng)觀音閣都有/e/音位,且/e/處于高元音的格局中,/y/處于前元音的格局中,未央化,而臨桂六塘沒(méi)有/e/音位,/y/表現(xiàn)為央化,所以,“在/(?)/片”又分為靈、灌一小片與臨桂六塘一小片。(2)“非/(?)/”片包括臨桂四塘、臨桂義寧、永福桃城、臨桂兩江4個(gè)方言點(diǎn),因?yàn)樗奶�、桃城沒(méi)有/e/音位,有/y/音位,且/y/處于央元音的位置,央化趨勢(shì)明顯,而義寧、兩江有/e/音位,且/e/處于中元音的格局中,實(shí)際音值為/E/,沒(méi)有/y/音位,所以,在“非/(?)/片”又分為四塘、桃城與義寧、兩江兩小片。最后我們根據(jù)分片的結(jié)果在地圖上進(jìn)行連接勾勒,發(fā)現(xiàn)我們所做的分片與地理位置得到了很好的契合,表現(xiàn)為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的三角形區(qū)域。在地理位置上也證實(shí)了我們分片的合理性,基于合理性,我們依據(jù)本文已調(diào)查的方言點(diǎn),預(yù)測(cè)本次未調(diào)查地方的元音格局特點(diǎn)。 文章以元音格局理論為指導(dǎo),以實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)為手段,對(duì)桂北平話進(jìn)行分片,并在地理位置上得到了合理的對(duì)應(yīng),研究思路和方法值得借鑒。
[Abstract]:There is a great controversy in the internal classification of the dialect in the linguistic circle, and there are still great disputes. The research on the plain dialect is mainly focused on the single point or multi point static tone system. The horizontal comparison of the inner dialect in the northern Guangxi is mostly described from the synchronic language. At present, no one has applied the experimental phonetics to the north of Guangxi. On the basis of the full and accurate phonology and homophone of the Guibei flat dialect, the author selected 8 dialects of the northern Guangxi dialect in Lingui four ponds, six ponds, two rivers, Yining, Yongfu peach, Yongfu peach, Guanyang, and all state bridges, from the bottom vowels of a dialect system. At the angle of the first level vowel, we use the experimental phonetic method, with the theory of vowel pattern as the guidance, to investigate the strength and strength of the combined power of the vowels in the Guibei dialect from the classification of vowels. The Praat phonetic software is used to extract the resonant peak data of the first vowel and draw the first grade vowel acoustic map, so as to see the acoustics of the 8 dialect point vowels in Guibei Ping Dialect. The characteristics of the vowel pattern of the northern Guibei dialect are examined by the V value diagram of the vowels after the normalization and normalization, so as to see the consistency and difference of the pattern characteristics of the inner vowels in the northern dialect of Guangxi. According to the vowel phonemes of each point, the type of vowels and the features of vowels, the degree of intimacy among the dialect points is analyzed, and the 8 dialects in the northern Guangxi dialect are divided.
The article is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the origin of the topic, the existing research on the dialect of Northern Guangxi, the experimental research on the vowel of the national language (dialect), the proposed and applied scope of the theory of the vowel pattern, the point, the angle, the means and the theory of the study in this paper. The second part has published 8 of the predecessors. With the classification theory of vowel pattern, the vowel classification of vowels is carried out by the classification theory of vowel pattern, and the phoneme of the four level vowel in Gui Beiping's dialect is obtained. It is seen from the classification that the ability of the same vowel in different dialect points is different. The sort of the power of the vowel in the dialect of the northern Guangxi is strong and weak: the /a//o//e// (?) //i//u/. third part This paper introduces the experimental procedures and methods in this paper, including the situation of recording people, the production of recording words, the sample size, and the steps of the experiment.
The most important part of the article is the fourth and fifth parts. The fourth part, from the angle of the vowel acoustic map, takes the first resonance peak F1 of the vowel as the ordinate, corresponding to the height of the tongue and the second resonant peak of the vowel, as the transverse coordinates. The first level vowel acoustics of the vowel acoustic maps of.8 dialects are shown before and after the tongue position, and the experiment of the vowel acoustics shows that: North Guangxi /y/ has a centralization trend, especially in women; / / (?) / in male and female acoustic location difference, /a/ in men's acoustic map is generally expressed as the central vowel position, / (?) / in the female acoustic map is the position of the central vowel, /o/ slightly lower. The fifth part of the vowel vowel pattern from the vowel V figure to look at the vowel pattern of the Guangxi dialect Compared with the 9 common vowels of 8 dialects and first vowels, it is found that the actual pronunciation difference between Gui Beiping / E / y/ at each point is great. The range of /e/'s sound value is from /e/ to /E/, and /y/ is the central vowel in the 3 dialects of Lingui four pond, Lingui six pond and Yongfu Peach City, and the trend of centralization is obvious. The actual sound value of /o/ is / / (?) /. From the vowel V value map analysis of the dialect of Northern Guangxi is six yuan or seven vowel types, according to the vowel type and phoneme characteristics to exclude the possibility of the whole state bridge belongs to northern Guangxi dialect. Finally, according to the features of vowel phoneme, vowel type and vowel pattern, the inner part of the 7 points in the northern Guangxi dialect is tried. First, the phoneme / (?) / or not is divided into "/ (?) / film" and "non / / (?) / film". "/ (?) / film" includes Lingchuan fixed River, Guanyang Guanyin Pavilion, and then in the two small pieces, according to the /e/ phoneme, analyze the intimacy of the dialect points, describe the pattern characteristics of /e/ and /y/ respectively, from the /e/, /y/ pattern characteristics in the internal consistency and the opposite. The external difference supports the results of our segmentation: (1) "/ (?) / film" includes Lingchuan setting River, Guanyang Guanyin Pavilion, Lingui six pond, because Lingchuan fixed River, Guanyang Guanyin has /e/ phoneme, and in the pattern of high vowel, /y/ is in the pattern of the former vowel, and the Lingui six pond has no /e/ phoneme, /y/ is centralization, so, "in / (?) / film is also divided into spirit, filling a small piece with a small piece of Lingui six ponds. (2) "non / (?) /" film includes Lingui four ponds, Lingui Yining, Yongfu Peach City, and Lingui two rivers 4 dialects. Because four ponds, peach city has no /e/ phonemes, /y/ phonemes, and /y/ is in the central vowel, the centralization trend is obvious, and Yining, the two rivers have /e/ phonemes, and /e/ is in the middle vowel. In the pattern, the actual sound value is /E/, there is no /y/ phoneme, so the "non / (?)" / film is divided into four ponds, peach city and Yining, two rivers and two rivers. Finally, we connect the maps on the map according to the results of the partition, and find that the parts we do are well matched with the geographical location, which is shown as two independent triangular areas. The geographical location also confirms the rationality of our segmentation. Based on the rationality, we predict the features of the vowel pattern in the uninvestigated area according to the dialect points that have been investigated in this article.
Guided by the theory of vowel pattern and using experimental phonetics as a means, the paper divides the northern dialect of Northern Guangxi and has a reasonable correspondence in its geographical position. The research ideas and methods should be used for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H178

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐云揚(yáng);;上海話元音清化的研究[J];國(guó)外語(yǔ)言學(xué);1990年03期

2 李榮;漢語(yǔ)方言分區(qū)的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題[J];方言;1985年02期

3 楊煥典 ,梁振仕 ,李譜英 ,劉村漢;廣西的漢語(yǔ)方言(稿)[J];方言;1985年03期

4 梁敏;張均如;;廣西壯族自治區(qū)各民族語(yǔ)言的互相影響[J];方言;1988年02期

5 李榮;;漢語(yǔ)方言的分區(qū)[J];方言;1989年04期

6 梁敏,張均如;廣西平話概論[J];方言;1999年01期

7 王福堂;平話、湘南土話和粵北土話的歸屬[J];方言;2001年02期

8 石鋒,劉藝;廣州話元音的再分析[J];方言;2005年01期

9 時(shí)秀娟;;漢語(yǔ)方言元音格局的系統(tǒng)性表現(xiàn)[J];方言;2006年04期

10 李連進(jìn);;平話的分布、內(nèi)部分區(qū)及系屬問(wèn)題[J];方言;2007年01期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 時(shí)秀娟;肖媛;;天津話響音的鼻化度考察[A];新規(guī)劃·新視野·新發(fā)展——天津市社會(huì)科學(xué)界第七屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)優(yōu)秀論文集《天津?qū)W術(shù)文庫(kù)》（上）[C];2011年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 謝建猷;廣西平話研究[D];中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院;2001年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 李小麗;桂林市穿山東邊洲土話研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2011年

2 楊希英;桂林市朝陽(yáng)（西村）平話音系[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2000年

3 侯超;合肥方言高元音實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2007年

4 明茂修;靈川縣青獅潭（巖山）土話語(yǔ)音研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2007年

5 徐國(guó)莉;臨桂六塘土話研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2007年

6 姚建偉;靈川縣定江土話語(yǔ)音研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2008年

7 夏全勝;第二外語(yǔ)元音習(xí)得中遷移作用的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];南開(kāi)大學(xué);2009年

8 袁娟;桂林雁山區(qū)柘木鎮(zhèn)嶺子底土話語(yǔ)音研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：2113131