過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿對(duì)湖羊生產(chǎn)性能和肉品質(zhì)的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-12 19:23
【摘要】：本研究包括3個(gè)部分,旨在研究飼糧中添加甜菜堿對(duì)湖羊生長(zhǎng)性能、營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率、血液生化指標(biāo)、瘤胃內(nèi)環(huán)境、屠宰性能和肉品質(zhì)的影響,研究結(jié)果如下：試驗(yàn)一、研究了飼糧中添加過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿對(duì)湖羊生長(zhǎng)性能、營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率的影響。試驗(yàn)選用60只湖羊,平均體重為30.47±2.04kg。隨機(jī)分成5組,每組12只。在基礎(chǔ)日糧中分別添加未包被甜菜堿和過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿,共分為對(duì)照組(Con)、2g過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿組(RPB-2)、2.2g甜菜堿組(B-2.2)、4g過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿組(RPB-4)、6g過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿組(RPB-6)。正試驗(yàn)期60d。結(jié)果表明：1)與Con組、B-2.2組相比,RPB-2,RPB-4和RPB-6組對(duì)湖羊平均日采食量無(wú)顯著性差異(P0.05),但能顯著提高平均日增重(P0.01),并顯著降低料重比(P0.01)；2)各組間對(duì)于物質(zhì)、粗蛋白、中性洗滌纖維和酸性洗滌纖維的表觀消化率無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)二、研究了飼糧中添加過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿對(duì)湖羊血液生化指標(biāo)和瘤胃發(fā)酵特性的影響。結(jié)果表明：1)與對(duì)照組和B-2.2組相比,顯著降低了血清中尿素氮、總膽固醇、甘油三酯的含量(P0.05),顯著提高了血清中總蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的含量(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白含量差異不顯著(P0.05)。2)各組間瘤胃液pH值、NH3-N濃度和總VFA的濃度無(wú)顯著性影響。試驗(yàn)三、研究了飼糧中添加過(guò)瘤胃甜菜堿對(duì)湖羊屠宰性能、肉品質(zhì)、肌肉氨基酸含量、脂肪酸組成和肌苷酸含量的影響。在飼養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)結(jié)束后每組隨機(jī)選取5只羊進(jìn)行屠宰試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明：1)與Con組和B-2.2組相比,RPB組能顯著提高肉羊宰前活重和胴體重(P0.05)。各組間的屠宰率、背膘和眼肌面積均無(wú)顯著性差異(P0.05)。2)與Con組、B-2.2組相比,RPB組能顯著提高背最長(zhǎng)肌肉色的a*值(P0.05),能夠顯著降低肩肌和背最長(zhǎng)肌的剪切力(P0.05)；同時(shí),與Con組相比,RPB組能顯著降低肩肌和臀肌的失水率(P0.05),RPB組顯著提高肩肌、臀肌和背最長(zhǎng)肌的pH(P0.05)。3)各試驗(yàn)組間對(duì)肩肌、臀肌和背最長(zhǎng)肌中脂肪、粗水分的含量無(wú)顯著性差異(P0.05),與Con組相比,RPB-4能顯著提高肩肌中CP的含量(P0.05)。4)各組對(duì)肉羊肩肌和臀肌中的風(fēng)味氨基酸和總氨基酸含量無(wú)顯著性差異(P0.05),但均隨著RPB的添加量呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢(shì)。與Con組、B-2.2組相比,RPB組極顯著提高肉羊背最長(zhǎng)肌中風(fēng)味氨基酸和總氨基酸的含量(P0.01)。5)各組間對(duì)肉羊肩肌中的SFA、UFA、MUFA和PUFA的含量無(wú)顯著性影響(P0.05)；與Con組、B-2.2組相比,RPB組顯著提高肉羊臀肌中PUFA的含量(P0.01),對(duì)臀肌中的SFA、UFA、MUFA的含量無(wú)顯著性差異(P0.05)。與Con組和B-2.2相比,RPB-4組顯著降低肉羊背最長(zhǎng)肌中SFA的含量(P0.05),顯著提高肉羊背最長(zhǎng)肌中的UFA、PUFA和MUFA的含量(P0.05)。6)各組對(duì)肩肌和臀肌中的肌苷酸無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05)。與Con組、B-2.2組相比,RPB組極顯著提高了背最長(zhǎng)肌中的肌苷酸含量(P0.01)。7)各組間肉羊肩肌和臀肌中MDA的含量、GSH-PX、SOD和CAT的活力無(wú)顯著性(P0.05),與其他各組相比,RPB-4組能顯著提高背最長(zhǎng)肌GSH-PX、SOD和CAT活力(P0.05),并降低MDA的含量(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the addition of betaine on the growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, blood biochemical index, internal environment, slaughter performance and meat quality in the diet. The results are as follows:1. The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the growth performance of the sheep and the apparent digestibility of the nutrients in the diet were studied. The average body weight was 30.47 and 2.04 kg. Randomly divided into 5 groups, each group of 12. Uncoated betaine and rumen betaine were added to the basal diet, which were divided into control group (Con),2 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-2), 2.2 g of betaine group (B-2.2),4 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-4) and 6 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-6). Positive test period 60d. The results showed:1) There was no significant difference in the average daily feed intake of RPB-2, RPB-4 and RPB-6 in group B-2.2 compared with Con group and B-2.2 group (P0.05). There was no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of the neutral washing fiber and the acidic wash fiber (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the biochemical indexes and the rumen fermentation characteristics of the sheep in the diet were studied. The results showed that:1) Compared with the control group and the B-2.2 group, the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein in serum was significantly decreased (P0.05), and the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein was significantly increased (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of high density lipoprotein (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the slaughter performance, meat quality, amino acid content, fatty acid composition and the content of the myocarinic acid were studied in the diet. 5 sheep were randomly selected for slaughter test after the end of the feeding test. The results showed:1) Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the live weight and carcass weight of the meat sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group, the abattoir, dorsum and ocular muscle area of each group had no significant difference (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the a * value of the longest muscle color (P0.05), and can obviously lower the shearing force of the shoulder muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05); and meanwhile, compared with the Con group, The RPB group significantly decreased the water loss rate of the shoulder and gluteal muscle (P0.05), and the RPB group significantly increased the pH of the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05).3) There was no significant difference in the content of the fat and the crude water in the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back muscle of each test group (P0.05), and compared with the Con group, RPB-4 significantly increased the content of CP in the shoulder muscles (P0.05).4) There was no significant difference in the content of the amino acids and total amino acids in the shoulder muscles and the gluteal muscles of each group (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of the amino acid and total amino acid in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep was significantly increased (P0.01).5) There was no significant effect on the content of SFA, UFA, MUFA and PUFA in the shoulder muscles of the mutton sheep (P0.05); and compared with the Con group, the B-2.2 group, The content of PUFA in the gluteal muscle was significantly increased in the RPB group (P 0.01), and there was no significant difference in the content of SFA, UFA and MUFA in the gluteal muscle (P0.05). Compared with Con group and B-2.2, RPB-4 group significantly decreased the content of SFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05), and significantly increased the content of UFA, PUFA and MUFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of MDA and GSH-PX, SOD and CAT in the back longest muscle were significantly increased in the RPB group compared with the group B-2.2 (P0.05). Compared with the other groups, the activity of GSH-PX, SOD and CAT was not significant (P0.05). The activity of SOD and CAT (P0.05) was decreased, and the content of MDA was decreased (P0.05).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S826.5
本文編號(hào)：2498247
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of the addition of betaine on the growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, blood biochemical index, internal environment, slaughter performance and meat quality in the diet. The results are as follows:1. The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the growth performance of the sheep and the apparent digestibility of the nutrients in the diet were studied. The average body weight was 30.47 and 2.04 kg. Randomly divided into 5 groups, each group of 12. Uncoated betaine and rumen betaine were added to the basal diet, which were divided into control group (Con),2 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-2), 2.2 g of betaine group (B-2.2),4 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-4) and 6 g of the rumen betaine group (RPB-6). Positive test period 60d. The results showed:1) There was no significant difference in the average daily feed intake of RPB-2, RPB-4 and RPB-6 in group B-2.2 compared with Con group and B-2.2 group (P0.05). There was no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of the neutral washing fiber and the acidic wash fiber (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the biochemical indexes and the rumen fermentation characteristics of the sheep in the diet were studied. The results showed that:1) Compared with the control group and the B-2.2 group, the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein in serum was significantly decreased (P0.05), and the content of total protein and low-density lipoprotein was significantly increased (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of high density lipoprotein (P0.05). The effects of the addition of the rumen betaine on the slaughter performance, meat quality, amino acid content, fatty acid composition and the content of the myocarinic acid were studied in the diet. 5 sheep were randomly selected for slaughter test after the end of the feeding test. The results showed:1) Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the live weight and carcass weight of the meat sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group, the abattoir, dorsum and ocular muscle area of each group had no significant difference (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the RPB group can significantly improve the a * value of the longest muscle color (P0.05), and can obviously lower the shearing force of the shoulder muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05); and meanwhile, compared with the Con group, The RPB group significantly decreased the water loss rate of the shoulder and gluteal muscle (P0.05), and the RPB group significantly increased the pH of the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back longest muscle (P0.05).3) There was no significant difference in the content of the fat and the crude water in the shoulder muscles, the gluteal muscle and the back muscle of each test group (P0.05), and compared with the Con group, RPB-4 significantly increased the content of CP in the shoulder muscles (P0.05).4) There was no significant difference in the content of the amino acids and total amino acids in the shoulder muscles and the gluteal muscles of each group (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of the amino acid and total amino acid in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep was significantly increased (P0.01).5) There was no significant effect on the content of SFA, UFA, MUFA and PUFA in the shoulder muscles of the mutton sheep (P0.05); and compared with the Con group, the B-2.2 group, The content of PUFA in the gluteal muscle was significantly increased in the RPB group (P 0.01), and there was no significant difference in the content of SFA, UFA and MUFA in the gluteal muscle (P0.05). Compared with Con group and B-2.2, RPB-4 group significantly decreased the content of SFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05), and significantly increased the content of UFA, PUFA and MUFA in the longest muscle of the mutton sheep (P0.05). Compared with the Con group and the B-2.2 group, the content of MDA and GSH-PX, SOD and CAT in the back longest muscle were significantly increased in the RPB group compared with the group B-2.2 (P0.05). Compared with the other groups, the activity of GSH-PX, SOD and CAT was not significant (P0.05). The activity of SOD and CAT (P0.05) was decreased, and the content of MDA was decreased (P0.05).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S826.5
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