發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-19 23:10

【摘要】：畜禽養(yǎng)殖是我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)支柱。近年來(lái),SARS事件的影響,禽流感的屢次爆發(fā),使人們對(duì)動(dòng)物疫病引起的警惕上升到一個(gè)新的高度。本文摘取鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)這個(gè)具有中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)特色的地點(diǎn),它有它特定的人物,地點(diǎn)和行為方式。我們把其中能影響的動(dòng)物疫病的方方面面整合起來(lái)進(jìn)行分析探討。鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)基層的動(dòng)物養(yǎng)殖實(shí)施的主體有三個(gè),其中數(shù)量最大,占主導(dǎo)地位的便是鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)殖戶,其次便是動(dòng)物防疫檢疫站,每個(gè)鄉(xiāng)都會(huì)設(shè)置一個(gè)行政站點(diǎn),最后就是動(dòng)物品種改良站。本文用一條養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)線把它們串聯(lián)起來(lái),這條養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)線由源頭往下分,可以分為動(dòng)物品種的引進(jìn),鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)的建設(shè),生產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖和經(jīng)營(yíng)管理,疫病的防治和衛(wèi)生管理,養(yǎng)殖后的污染,這里每一步都直接作用于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)基層。文章先剖析各個(gè)步驟與動(dòng)物疫病之間的聯(lián)系,再闡述每各部分的實(shí)行現(xiàn)狀,最后結(jié)合案例,提出政策建議。由于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)殖人員文化水平較低,對(duì)生態(tài)保護(hù)的意識(shí)淡薄,獲得新信息新技術(shù)的渠道又較為缺乏,再加之養(yǎng)殖行業(yè)本身就是利潤(rùn)低的傳統(tǒng)行業(yè),基層動(dòng)物防疫檢疫隊(duì)伍上的問(wèn)題,經(jīng)濟(jì)投入上不可觀,人員業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)不高,使得鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)殖從經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)投入上和知識(shí)技術(shù)投入上都陷入一種尷尬的處境。一旦出現(xiàn)重大的動(dòng)物疫病,疫病大范圍的擴(kuò)散,不但嚴(yán)重危害到人們的生活健康,對(duì)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)殖戶來(lái)說(shuō)也是滅頂之災(zāi),經(jīng)濟(jì)損失極為嚴(yán)重,更甚影響到生機(jī)。本文所研究的管理對(duì)策都是作用于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)殖戶和基層防疫檢疫隊(duì)伍,能因地制宜,把管理對(duì)策和實(shí)施主體和實(shí)施環(huán)境有利的結(jié)合起來(lái),更全面更貼切鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)這個(gè)特殊環(huán)境。以期對(duì)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)動(dòng)物養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展做出一些貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Livestock and poultry breeding is an important industrial pillar of agricultural township economy in China. In recent years, with the influence of SARS incident and repeated outbreaks of avian influenza, people's vigilance against animal epidemic has risen to a new level. This paper takes the township as a place with Chinese traditional characteristics, which has its specific characters, places and behavior. We analyze and discuss all aspects of animal blight that can be affected by it. There are three main bodies in the implementation of animal culture at the grass-roots level in villages and towns, of which the largest number is dominated by township farmers, followed by animal epidemic prevention and quarantine stations, each township will set up an administrative station, and finally, the animal variety improvement station. In this paper, they are connected by a breeding production line, which is divided from the source to the bottom, which can be divided into the introduction of animal varieties, the construction of township farms, the production, breeding and management, the prevention and control of epidemic diseases and health management, and the pollution after aquaculture, where each step directly acts on the grass-roots level of villages and towns. This paper first analyzes the relationship between each step and animal epidemic, then expounds the present situation of each part, and finally puts forward some policy suggestions combined with the case study. Due to the low cultural level of township aquaculture personnel, the weak awareness of ecological protection, the lack of access to new information and new technologies, coupled with the fact that the breeding industry itself is a traditional industry with low profits, the problems in the grass-roots animal epidemic prevention and quarantine team, the unobservable economic input and the low professional quality of personnel make township aquaculture fall into an awkward situation from the input of economic construction and knowledge and technology. Once there is a major animal epidemic, the spread of epidemic disease not only seriously endangers people's life and health, but also destroys the top disaster for township farmers. The economic loss is very serious, and it also affects the vitality. The management countermeasures studied in this paper are all acting on township farmers and grass-roots epidemic prevention and quarantine teams, which can adapt to local conditions, combine management countermeasures with implementation subjects and implementation environment, and more comprehensive and appropriate to the special environment of villages and towns. In order to make some contributions to the development of animal breeding in villages and towns.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S851.33

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