五華雞肉用性能、血脂指標(biāo)及脂肪候選基因表達(dá)規(guī)律研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-20 09:38
【摘要】：地方雞遺傳資源在肉用性能和肌肉品質(zhì)方面存在差異,且受性別、日齡等因素影響;肌內(nèi)脂肪(Intramuscular Fat,IMF)含量是重要的肉品性狀,其沉積受多個(gè)基因調(diào)控。為探索五華雞肉用性能和肌苷酸(Inosine Monophosphate,IMP)、IMF的沉積規(guī)律,以及肌內(nèi)脂肪候選基因的表達(dá)規(guī)律,本試驗(yàn)選取同一批次于相同條件下飼養(yǎng)的健康公、母雞各80只,分別在90、120、150、180日齡時(shí)各隨機(jī)抽取10只,進(jìn)行屠宰測(cè)定;取樣測(cè)定胸、腿肌IMP含量、IMF含量和血脂指標(biāo);分析肌內(nèi)脂肪候選基因L-FABP、A-FABP、FAS、APOB、PPAR-γ在肝臟、胸肌和腿肌組織的表達(dá)量,并分析其與肌內(nèi)脂肪的相關(guān)性。研究結(jié)果如下:1.五華雞的肉用性能90-120日齡,五華雞活體重、屠體重、半凈膛重、全凈膛重、肌胃重以及公雞胸肌重、腿肌重、心肌重、肝臟重?zé)o明顯變化,150日齡時(shí)極顯著增加(P0.01),180日齡時(shí)趨于穩(wěn)定;母雞胸肌重、腿肌重、心肌重、肝臟重120日齡后顯著增加(P0.05);公雞90日齡時(shí)腹脂平均重量為3.85g,120日齡時(shí)為5.85g,150日齡時(shí)為1.00g,180日齡時(shí)試驗(yàn)組均無(wú)可見(jiàn)腹脂;母雞90日齡和120日齡時(shí)無(wú)可見(jiàn)腹脂,150和180日齡時(shí)腹脂平均重量分別37.70g和47.67g,差異不顯著。四個(gè)階段胸肌IMP含量差異均不顯著;母雞腿肌IMP含量120日齡后極顯著增加(P0.01);公雞腿肌IMP含量隨著日齡的增長(zhǎng)先上升后下降(P0.05),150日齡時(shí)達(dá)到峰值0.78mg/g。母雞胸肌和腿肌IMF含量隨日齡顯著增加,150日齡后趨于穩(wěn)定,胸肌各日齡間IMF含量差異均顯著(P0.05),腿肌IMF各日齡間差異極顯著(P0.01)。公雞胸肌IMF含量隨日齡無(wú)顯著性變化;腿肌IMF含量隨日齡顯著性增加(P0.05),120日齡后無(wú)顯著性變化。相同日齡時(shí)胸肌IMF和腿肌IMF含量在公母間差異均不顯著;公雞、母雞均表現(xiàn)出腿肌IMF極顯著高于胸肌(P0.01)。2.血脂指標(biāo)變化規(guī)律及其與IMF相關(guān)性母雞血清中極低密度脂蛋白(Very Low Density Lipoprotein,VLDL)濃度隨日齡極顯著增大(P0.01),180日齡時(shí)達(dá)到最大值194.79mg/ml;甘油三酯(Triglycerides,TG)濃度90和120日齡時(shí)無(wú)顯著性變化,150日齡時(shí)顯著上升(P0.05);血清中高密度脂蛋白(High Density Lipoprotein,HDL)、總膽固醇(Total Cholesterol,TC)、脂肪酸(FFA)濃度隨日齡均無(wú)顯著性變化。公雞各日齡間血脂指標(biāo)差異均未達(dá)到顯著水平。各血脂指標(biāo)在性別間的對(duì)比分析可得,90日齡時(shí),母雞血清中TC含量(2.75nmol/L)極顯著低于(P0.01)公雞(3.27nmol/L);120日齡后,母雞各日齡VLDL含量均極顯著高于(P0.01)公雞;TG濃度在150日齡時(shí)(0.91nmol/L)和180日齡時(shí)(1.30nmol/L)顯著高于公雞(0.34nmol/L、0.30nmol/L);LDL含量(0.75nmol/L)極顯著低于公雞(1.35nmol/L)。公母之間其他各指標(biāo)均無(wú)顯著性差異。母雞腿肌IMF與血清中LDL和TC呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(R=-0.581,R=-0.433);公雞胸肌與血清中LDL呈極顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)(R=-0.576),與TC呈顯著的負(fù)相關(guān)(R=-0.448)。母雞胸肌和公雞腿肌IMF與血清中各生化指標(biāo)都無(wú)顯著相關(guān)性。3.肌內(nèi)脂肪代謝候選基因表達(dá)規(guī)律及相關(guān)性母雞胸肌Apo-B、A-FABP表達(dá)量均隨日齡顯著性上升(P0.01),Apo-B表達(dá)量150日齡時(shí)達(dá)到峰值,A-FABP表達(dá)量120日齡時(shí)達(dá)到峰值;母雞腿肌PPAR-γ和Apo-B表達(dá)量隨日齡先上升后下降(P0.01),120日齡時(shí)達(dá)到峰值;母雞肝臟FAS、Apo-B和L-FABP表達(dá)量均先上升后下降(P0.01),150日齡時(shí)達(dá)到峰值;公雞Apo-B表達(dá)量隨日齡極顯著上升(P0.01),150日齡后不變。肝臟FAS、Apo-B、L-FABP,肌肉Apo-B、A-FABP、PPAR-γ表達(dá)的上調(diào)可促進(jìn)五華雞母雞IMF的沉積。研究結(jié)果表明,可以通過(guò)血脂指標(biāo)VLDL、HDL、TG等對(duì)五華雞進(jìn)行脂肪代謝的選育;肝臟FAS、Apo-B、肌肉Apo-B、A-FABP、PPAR-γ是調(diào)控五華雞肌內(nèi)脂肪代謝的重要基因。
[Abstract]:The genetic resources of local chicken are different in terms of meat performance and muscle quality, and are affected by the factors such as sex and age. The content of intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important meat character, and its deposition is regulated by a plurality of genes. In order to study the performance of Wuhua chicken and the regulation of the deposition of Inosine Monophate (IMP) and the IMF, as well as the expression of the candidate genes of intramuscular fat, the healthy male and the hens fed under the same conditions were selected from the same batch, and 80 of the hens were randomly selected at the time of 90,120,150 and 180 days, respectively. The content of IMP, the content of the IMF and the index of blood lipid were determined by sampling, and the expression of L-FABP, A-FABP, FAS, APOB, PPAR-2 in the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle were analyzed and the correlation with the intramuscular fat was analyzed. The results of the study are as follows:1. The meat performance of the Wuhua chicken was 90-120 days, the body weight of the five Chinese chickens, the body weight, the half-net bore weight, the total clear bore weight, the muscle and stomach weight, the weight of the pectoral muscle of the rooster, the weight of the leg muscles, the weight of the myocardium and the weight of the liver. The average weight of the abdominal fat at the age of 90 days was 3.85 g, 5.85 g at the age of 120 and 1.00 g at the age of 150, and no abdominal fat was found in the test group at the age of 180 days. The average weight of the abdominal fat was 37.70 g and 47.67 g at the age of 90 and 120 days, and the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in the content of IMP in the four stages of the pectoral muscle, and the IMP content of the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased after the age of 120 days (P0.01); the IMP content of the leg of the rooster decreased with the increase of the age of the day (P0.05), and reached the peak of 0.78mg/ g at the age of 150 days. The IMF content of the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased at the age of 150 days, and the content of the IMF in the pectoral muscle was significantly different after the age of 150 days (P0.05). There was no significant change in the IMF content of the pectoral muscle of the rooster (P0.05), and there was no significant change after 120 days of age. The IMF and the IMF content of the pectoral muscles at the same age were not significant between the male and the female, and the rate of the IMF was significantly higher than that of the pectoral muscle (P 0.01). The changes of blood lipid index and the concentration of low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in serum with the IMF-related hens increased significantly with age (P0.01), and reached a maximum of 194.79 mg/ ml at the age of 180 days, and Triglycerides, The concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and fatty acid (FFA) in serum were not significantly changed at the age of 150 days. There was no significant difference in the index of blood lipid in each day of the rooster. The results showed that the content of TC (2.75 nmol/ L) in the serum of the hen was significantly lower than that of the rooster (3.27 nmol/ L) at the age of 90 days, and the content of VLDL at the age of 120 days was significantly higher than that of the rooster (P0.01). The TG concentration was significantly higher at 150 days (0.91 nmol/ L) and 180 days (1.30 nmol/ L) than in the rooster (0.34 nmol/ L, 0.30 nmol/ L), and the LDL content (0.75 nmol/ L) was significantly lower than that of the rooster (1.35 nmol/ L). There was no significant difference in other indexes between the male and female. There was a significant negative correlation between the IMF and the serum LDL and TC (R =-0.581, R =-0.433), and there was a significant negative correlation between the pectoral muscle of the rooster and the serum of the serum (R =-0.576), and a significant negative correlation with the TC (R =-0.448). There was no significant correlation between the IMF and the biochemical indexes in the pectoral muscle of the hen and the leg of the rooster. The expression of the candidate gene of intramuscular fat metabolism and the expression of Apo-B and A-FABP in the pectoral muscle of the hens increased significantly with the age of day (P0.01). The expression of Apo-B reached the peak at the age of 150 days, and the expression of A-FABP reached the peak at the age of 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and Apo-B in the legs of the hen's legs decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and L-FABP in the liver of the hens decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at the age of 150 days. The expression of Apo-B in the rooster increased significantly with the age of the day (P0.01), and the expression of Apo-B in the rooster was unchanged after the age of 150 days. Up-regulation of the expression of FAS, Apo-B, L-FABP, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-FABP in the liver can promote the IMF's deposition. The results show that the fat metabolism of Wuhua chicken can be selected by the blood lipid index VLDL, HDL, TG and the like; the liver FAS, Apo-B, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-B are important genes for regulating the intramuscular fat metabolism of the Wuhua chicken.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S831
本文編號(hào)：2503117
[Abstract]:The genetic resources of local chicken are different in terms of meat performance and muscle quality, and are affected by the factors such as sex and age. The content of intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important meat character, and its deposition is regulated by a plurality of genes. In order to study the performance of Wuhua chicken and the regulation of the deposition of Inosine Monophate (IMP) and the IMF, as well as the expression of the candidate genes of intramuscular fat, the healthy male and the hens fed under the same conditions were selected from the same batch, and 80 of the hens were randomly selected at the time of 90,120,150 and 180 days, respectively. The content of IMP, the content of the IMF and the index of blood lipid were determined by sampling, and the expression of L-FABP, A-FABP, FAS, APOB, PPAR-2 in the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle were analyzed and the correlation with the intramuscular fat was analyzed. The results of the study are as follows:1. The meat performance of the Wuhua chicken was 90-120 days, the body weight of the five Chinese chickens, the body weight, the half-net bore weight, the total clear bore weight, the muscle and stomach weight, the weight of the pectoral muscle of the rooster, the weight of the leg muscles, the weight of the myocardium and the weight of the liver. The average weight of the abdominal fat at the age of 90 days was 3.85 g, 5.85 g at the age of 120 and 1.00 g at the age of 150, and no abdominal fat was found in the test group at the age of 180 days. The average weight of the abdominal fat was 37.70 g and 47.67 g at the age of 90 and 120 days, and the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in the content of IMP in the four stages of the pectoral muscle, and the IMP content of the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased after the age of 120 days (P0.01); the IMP content of the leg of the rooster decreased with the increase of the age of the day (P0.05), and reached the peak of 0.78mg/ g at the age of 150 days. The IMF content of the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased at the age of 150 days, and the content of the IMF in the pectoral muscle was significantly different after the age of 150 days (P0.05). There was no significant change in the IMF content of the pectoral muscle of the rooster (P0.05), and there was no significant change after 120 days of age. The IMF and the IMF content of the pectoral muscles at the same age were not significant between the male and the female, and the rate of the IMF was significantly higher than that of the pectoral muscle (P 0.01). The changes of blood lipid index and the concentration of low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in serum with the IMF-related hens increased significantly with age (P0.01), and reached a maximum of 194.79 mg/ ml at the age of 180 days, and Triglycerides, The concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and fatty acid (FFA) in serum were not significantly changed at the age of 150 days. There was no significant difference in the index of blood lipid in each day of the rooster. The results showed that the content of TC (2.75 nmol/ L) in the serum of the hen was significantly lower than that of the rooster (3.27 nmol/ L) at the age of 90 days, and the content of VLDL at the age of 120 days was significantly higher than that of the rooster (P0.01). The TG concentration was significantly higher at 150 days (0.91 nmol/ L) and 180 days (1.30 nmol/ L) than in the rooster (0.34 nmol/ L, 0.30 nmol/ L), and the LDL content (0.75 nmol/ L) was significantly lower than that of the rooster (1.35 nmol/ L). There was no significant difference in other indexes between the male and female. There was a significant negative correlation between the IMF and the serum LDL and TC (R =-0.581, R =-0.433), and there was a significant negative correlation between the pectoral muscle of the rooster and the serum of the serum (R =-0.576), and a significant negative correlation with the TC (R =-0.448). There was no significant correlation between the IMF and the biochemical indexes in the pectoral muscle of the hen and the leg of the rooster. The expression of the candidate gene of intramuscular fat metabolism and the expression of Apo-B and A-FABP in the pectoral muscle of the hens increased significantly with the age of day (P0.01). The expression of Apo-B reached the peak at the age of 150 days, and the expression of A-FABP reached the peak at the age of 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and Apo-B in the legs of the hen's legs decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and L-FABP in the liver of the hens decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at the age of 150 days. The expression of Apo-B in the rooster increased significantly with the age of the day (P0.01), and the expression of Apo-B in the rooster was unchanged after the age of 150 days. Up-regulation of the expression of FAS, Apo-B, L-FABP, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-FABP in the liver can promote the IMF's deposition. The results show that the fat metabolism of Wuhua chicken can be selected by the blood lipid index VLDL, HDL, TG and the like; the liver FAS, Apo-B, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-B are important genes for regulating the intramuscular fat metabolism of the Wuhua chicken.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S831
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