發(fā)布時間：2018-07-17 06:34

【摘要】：目的：了解人流女性基本情況,分析其重復人流的影響因素,對調查對象進行流產后服務(post abortion care PAC)干預研究,并對其效果進行評價,從而為提高人工流產后女性的有效避孕率,降低重復人工流產、減少意外妊娠等措施的改進提供科學依據。方法：以歐盟“將人工流產后計劃生育服務與中國現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)院內人工流產醫(yī)療服務相結合項目”(INPAC)為基礎設計調查問卷對2011年8月-2012年7月在湖南省婦幼保健院計劃生育門診確診妊娠并要求終止妊娠的部分女性進行影響因素調查及基線調查,并隨機分為研究組與對照組,對研究組進行1年PAC干預后調查隨訪,將獲取的信息錄入數(shù)據庫,對定性和等級指標進行數(shù)量化處理和統(tǒng)一編碼后用SPSS16.0進行統(tǒng)計分析。 結果：①影響因素調查有效問卷685例,有效率為93.96%。其中初次流產者487名,占71.1%；重復人工流產者198名,占28.9%。②對照組基線調查獲得有效問卷337份,有效隨訪303例,隨訪率為89.9%。研究組基線調查獲得有效問卷348份,有效隨訪322例,隨訪率為92.5%。③人流女性及男性伴侶年齡主要分布在20-25歲,文化程度集中在中專及大專學歷的居多,所從事的職業(yè)主要是公司職員、學生和個體戶。④人流女性對避孕知識的了解程度較差,占40.9%,對人工流產并發(fā)癥掌握較差,占56.9%。⑤研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人流女性文化程度、職業(yè)、對避孕知識的了解程度、對人流并發(fā)癥的了解程度、性伴侶的文化程度及對避孕的態(tài)度6個因素對重復人流有影響。⑥PAC干預后,研究組的避孕知識得分及采取有效避孕措施得分均高于對照組,非意愿妊娠率及重復流產率均低于對照組。 結論：1.本次影響因素調查重復人流率占人流女性者28.9%。 2.人流女性文化程度、職業(yè)、對避孕知識的了解程度、對人流并發(fā)癥的了解程度、性伴侶的文化程度及對避孕的態(tài)度6個因素對重復人流影響有統(tǒng)計學意義。具體表現(xiàn)為：人流女性及伴侶文化程度越低,重復人流概率越高；對避孕知識、人流并發(fā)癥了解越少重復人流概率越高；性伴侶采取避孕措施越不積極,重復人流概率越高；公司職員、服務員重復人流概率高于其他職業(yè)。 3.PAC干預可提高人流女性對避孕知識的知曉率,提高避孕措施的有效率。 4.PAC干預可降低非意愿妊娠率；可減少重復流產的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the basic situation of female abortion, to analyze the influencing factors of repeated abortion, to study the intervention of post-abortion service (post abortion care, and to evaluate its effect in order to improve the effective contraceptive rate of women after induced abortion. The improvement of reducing repeated abortion and reducing accidental pregnancy provides scientific basis. Methods: a questionnaire was designed based on the European Union (EU) project "combining family planning services after abortion with medical services of in-hospital abortion in China" (INPAC) from August 2011 to July 2012 in Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Some of the women who confirmed pregnancy and asked for termination of pregnancy in the family planning clinic conducted investigation on the influencing factors and baseline survey. The study group was randomly divided into two groups: the study group and the control group. The study group was followed up after one year of PAC intervention. The obtained information was entered into the database, the qualitative and grade indexes were processed by quantification and unified coding, and the statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 16.0. Results the effective questionnaire was 685 cases, the effective rate was 93.96%. 487 cases (71.1%) were primary abortion, 198 cases (28.9.2%) were repeated induced abortion, 337 effective questionnaires were obtained in the control group, 303 cases were followed up effectively, the follow-up rate was 89.9%. In the study group, 348 valid questionnaires were obtained and 322 effective follow-up cases were followed up. The follow-up rate was 92.5.3 the age distribution of female and male partners was mainly 20-25 years old. The major occupations engaged in were company employees, students and self-employed females, whose knowledge of contraception was poor (40.9%), poor knowledge of complications of induced abortion (56.9.5%), and 56.9.5% (56.9.5). The level of knowledge about contraception, the degree of understanding of complications of abortion, the education level of sexual partners and the attitude to contraception had influence on repeated abortion. 6PAC intervention. The scores of contraceptive knowledge and effective contraception in the study group were higher than those in the control group, and the rates of unwanted pregnancy and repeated abortion were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion 1. In this survey, the rate of repeat abortion was 28. 9%. 2. 2. The educational level, occupation, knowledge of contraception, the degree of understanding of complications of abortion, the education level of sexual partners and the attitude towards contraception had significant effects on repeated abortion. The specific manifestations are as follows: the lower the educational level of abortion women and partners, the higher the probability of repeat abortion; the lower the knowledge of contraception, the less knowledge of abortion complications, the higher the probability of repeat abortion, the less active sexual partners take contraceptive measures, the higher the probability of repeat abortion. The probability of repeated abortion of staff and waiters was higher than that of other occupations. 3. PAC intervention could improve the awareness rate of contraceptive knowledge and the effective rate of contraception. 4. PAC intervention could reduce the rate of unwanted pregnancy. Can reduce the occurrence of repeated abortion.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R169.42

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