發(fā)布時間：2018-08-08 16:18

【摘要】：大學(xué)就是一個小型卻復(fù)雜的社會,在這個不大的規(guī)模里囊括了各個部門,不僅人員多且內(nèi)容繁雜。大學(xué)要恰當(dāng)處理好學(xué)術(shù)科研,教育教學(xué)、行政機關(guān)、后勤部門、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營等各項關(guān)系,需要有內(nèi)容詳細、權(quán)責(zé)明確、具有實質(zhì)約束力受各利益相關(guān)方認可的章程加以規(guī)定,否則各種糾紛矛盾不斷,大學(xué)自治、學(xué)術(shù)自由的氛圍最終將難以得到維護。正如湛中樂先生所說的：沒有大學(xué)章程就沒有大學(xué)自主權(quán)。大學(xué)章程甚至被稱為大學(xué)的“憲法”,起到連接和溝通大學(xué)外部法律法規(guī)和內(nèi)部規(guī)章制度的作用。 但是,由于我國大學(xué)長期以來缺乏獨立性、教育行政主管部門對大學(xué)過度干預(yù),以及政府和大學(xué)對章程的意義和重要性認識不夠等原因,許多大學(xué)至今還沒有制定章程。即使有些大學(xué)已經(jīng)制定了章程,其對大學(xué)章程及其法律效力的認識不全面、不深刻,從而存在大學(xué)章程沒法真正發(fā)揮其法律效力,大學(xué)章程的執(zhí)行力不夠等等問題。因此,正確認識大學(xué)章程,尤其是其法律效力的內(nèi)涵,對我們制定和完善大學(xué)章程,依據(jù)章程對大學(xué)辦學(xué)行為進行管理監(jiān)督,具有重要意義。大學(xué)章程將成為政府轉(zhuǎn)變職能后對大學(xué)進行宏觀的間接的管理,實現(xiàn)大學(xué)自治目標(biāo)的重要手段。 本文將從大學(xué)章程法律效力的概念、特征、來源等入手,分析大學(xué)章程法律效力的內(nèi)容、其產(chǎn)生法律效力的應(yīng)具備的要素、效力的范圍,以及大學(xué)章程法律效力的有限性�？偨Y(jié)大學(xué)章程發(fā)生法律效力面臨的問題,并借鑒國外大學(xué)章程發(fā)展中的經(jīng)驗,提出解決我國大學(xué)章程法律效力問題的一些可行性建議。
[Abstract]:A university is a small but complex society, a small, diverse and diverse society. Universities should properly handle the relationships between academic research, education and teaching, administrative organs, logistics departments, production and operation, and so on. They need to have detailed contents, clear powers and responsibilities, and articles of association that are legally binding and approved by all stakeholders. Otherwise, various disputes and contradictions, university autonomy, academic freedom will ultimately be difficult to maintain. As Mr Zhanzhongle put it: there is no university autonomy without university charter. The university constitution, even called the university constitution, acts as a link and communication between the university's external laws and regulations and its internal rules and regulations. However, due to the lack of independence of universities in China for a long time, the excessive interference of educational administrative departments in universities, and the lack of understanding of the significance and importance of charters by the government and universities, many universities have not yet formulated statutes. Even though some universities have formulated their statutes, their understanding of the university charter and its legal effect is not comprehensive and profound, so there are some problems such as the university charter can not really play its legal effect, the university charter enforcement is not enough, and so on. Therefore, it is of great significance for us to correctly understand the university charter, especially the connotation of its legal effect, to make and perfect the university charter and to supervise the university running behavior according to the regulation. The university charter will become an important means to realize the goal of university autonomy through macroscopic and indirect management after the government changes its functions. Starting with the concept, characteristics and sources of the legal effect of the university charter, this paper will analyze the content of the legal effect of the university charter, the elements that it should have, the scope of the legal effect and the limitation of the legal effect of the university charter. This paper summarizes the problems facing the legal effect of the university charter, and draws lessons from the experience of the development of the university charter in foreign countries, and puts forward some feasible suggestions to solve the problem of the legal effect of the university charter in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.16

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