不同年齡階段學生觀點采擇與內(nèi)隱利他傾向關系的比較研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-17 20:52
【摘要】：觀點采擇是指個體根據(jù)當前或先前的信息,將自己和他人的觀點區(qū)別開來,進而對他人的觀點或思想等作出準確的推斷,是個體在社會化過程中的一種最為重要的社會認知能力之一。觀點采擇能力不僅能體現(xiàn)個體在自我、社會態(tài)度、人際交往質(zhì)量等方面的認知發(fā)展水平,還能將個體社會認知的不同方面緊密聯(lián)系起來。利他主義是人類社會化過程中的另一個重要的部分,利他在本質(zhì)上指個體作出具有較少的自我中心主義的決定,而觀點采擇能夠引發(fā)更多的利他主義和更少的自我中心主義,觀點采擇能否有效預測內(nèi)隱利他傾向是一個值得探討的問題。本研究由三個研究構成:研究一運用內(nèi)隱關系評估程序?qū)πW生、初中生和大學生的觀點采擇進行了研究,結果表明:年齡對觀點采擇靈活性有一定影響,整體來說,隨著年齡的增長,觀點采擇能力是逐步成熟的,初中階段是觀點采擇發(fā)展的關鍵階段。小學生、初中生和大學生在兩種實驗任務上的性別差異表現(xiàn)不同。個體傾向于從自我角度出發(fā)作出反應,當轉(zhuǎn)換為從他人的角度作出反應時,就需要觀點采擇的靈活性,小學生的觀點采擇靈活性相對較差。研究二同樣運用內(nèi)隱關系評估程序?qū)πW生、初中生和大學生的內(nèi)隱利他傾向進行了研究,結果顯示內(nèi)隱利他傾向普遍存在,年齡和性別差異顯著。研究三對觀點采擇和內(nèi)隱利他傾向的相關關系進行了研究,結果表明,無論在哪個年齡組,觀點采擇靈活性和內(nèi)隱利他傾向呈顯著的負相關,以觀點采擇為預測變量,內(nèi)隱利他傾向為被預測變量進行回歸分析,都得到了有效的回歸方程模型。
[Abstract]:Opinion selection refers to the fact that an individual distinguishes himself from the views of others according to current or previous information, and then makes an accurate inference of the views or thoughts of others. It is one of the most important social cognitive abilities of individuals in the process of socialization. The ability of point of view selection can not only reflect the cognitive development level of individuals in self, social attitude, interpersonal communication quality and so on, but also closely link different aspects of individual social cognition. Altruism is another important part of the process of human socialization. Altruism essentially refers to the individual making less egocentric decisions, and the choice of views can lead to more altruism and less egocentrism. Whether the choice of viewpoint can effectively predict the tendency of implicit altruism is a question worthy of discussion. This study consists of three studies: first, the implicit relationship assessment procedure is used to study the perspective selection of primary school students, junior high school students and college students. The results show that age has a certain impact on the flexibility of point of view selection. As a whole, With the increase of age, the ability of viewpoint selection is gradually mature, and the junior high school stage is the key stage of the development of viewpoint selection. The gender differences between primary school students, junior high school students and college students in the two experimental tasks are different. Individuals tend to react from their own point of view. When they switch to respond from the point of view of others, they need the flexibility of point of view selection, while the flexibility of primary school students' point of view selection is relatively poor. In the second study, the implicit altruistic tendency of primary school students, junior high school students and college students was also studied by using implicit relationship assessment program. The results showed that implicit altruism was common and there were significant differences in age and sex. In this paper, three pairs of correlation between viewpoint selection and implicit altruism are studied. the results show that there is a significant negative correlation between viewpoint selection flexibility and implicit altruism in any age group, and viewpoint selection is used as a predictive variable. Implicit altruism tends to be predicted by regression analysis, and effective regression equation models are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844
[Abstract]:Opinion selection refers to the fact that an individual distinguishes himself from the views of others according to current or previous information, and then makes an accurate inference of the views or thoughts of others. It is one of the most important social cognitive abilities of individuals in the process of socialization. The ability of point of view selection can not only reflect the cognitive development level of individuals in self, social attitude, interpersonal communication quality and so on, but also closely link different aspects of individual social cognition. Altruism is another important part of the process of human socialization. Altruism essentially refers to the individual making less egocentric decisions, and the choice of views can lead to more altruism and less egocentrism. Whether the choice of viewpoint can effectively predict the tendency of implicit altruism is a question worthy of discussion. This study consists of three studies: first, the implicit relationship assessment procedure is used to study the perspective selection of primary school students, junior high school students and college students. The results show that age has a certain impact on the flexibility of point of view selection. As a whole, With the increase of age, the ability of viewpoint selection is gradually mature, and the junior high school stage is the key stage of the development of viewpoint selection. The gender differences between primary school students, junior high school students and college students in the two experimental tasks are different. Individuals tend to react from their own point of view. When they switch to respond from the point of view of others, they need the flexibility of point of view selection, while the flexibility of primary school students' point of view selection is relatively poor. In the second study, the implicit altruistic tendency of primary school students, junior high school students and college students was also studied by using implicit relationship assessment program. The results showed that implicit altruism was common and there were significant differences in age and sex. In this paper, three pairs of correlation between viewpoint selection and implicit altruism are studied. the results show that there is a significant negative correlation between viewpoint selection flexibility and implicit altruism in any age group, and viewpoint selection is used as a predictive variable. Implicit altruism tends to be predicted by regression analysis, and effective regression equation models are obtained.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844
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