發(fā)布時間：2018-10-30 17:05

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,3D打印作為一種新興技術(shù)慢慢從各行各業(yè)走進(jìn)學(xué)生的課堂,逐漸成為教育研究者們的研究熱點(diǎn)。3D打印到底能給教育帶來什么樣的變革?蘊(yùn)含著什么樣的教育價值?不同學(xué)校該如何開展教學(xué)?……這一新技術(shù)的興起給我們帶來了一系列值得研究的問題。目前國內(nèi)的3D打印教育整體還處在探索階段,盡管部分發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的學(xué)校對于3D打印教學(xué)的開展已經(jīng)自成體系,但欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)有關(guān)3D打印校本課程的開發(fā)與實(shí)踐的研究還很有限。本論文通過文獻(xiàn)研究、問卷調(diào)查、實(shí)地訪談、準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究等研究方法,對當(dāng)前3D打印技術(shù)在中小學(xué)教學(xué)領(lǐng)域的主要開展形式及教學(xué)中存在的問題進(jìn)行分析梳理,在已有校本課程開發(fā)理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上,探索適合小學(xué)3D打印校本課程開發(fā)的模式、課程內(nèi)容選擇、實(shí)施策略以及教學(xué)策略等,并以江蘇蘇北欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)一所小學(xué)為試點(diǎn),開展對小學(xué)3D打印校本課程的開發(fā)與實(shí)踐的探索與研究。本論文主要包含六個部分的內(nèi)容:第一部分為緒論。對本研究的時代背景、選題緣由、研究目的與意義、研究內(nèi)容和思路、研究方法進(jìn)行闡述,概述了當(dāng)前3D打印在教育中的研究現(xiàn)狀以及在中小學(xué)的開展形式,提出目前3D打印教學(xué)存在的問題。第二部分為理論研究。通過文獻(xiàn)研究,對本次研究的相關(guān)核心概念進(jìn)行界定,闡述3D打印教學(xué)的理論基礎(chǔ)以及校本課程開發(fā)的相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)。第三部分為小學(xué)3D打印校本課程的開發(fā)模式研究。通過對校本課程開發(fā)的三種主導(dǎo)模式進(jìn)行優(yōu)劣分析,借助SWOT態(tài)勢分析法設(shè)計出以需求、條件以及目標(biāo)三種主導(dǎo)模式齊頭并進(jìn)的新的課程開發(fā)思路,并提出適用于本研究的3D打印校本課程開發(fā)的模式。第四部分為小學(xué)3D打印校本課程開發(fā)研究。以具體學(xué)校為例,依照校本課程開發(fā)模式進(jìn)行小學(xué)3D打印校本課程開發(fā)。從需求、條件以及目標(biāo)三方面對學(xué)校內(nèi)外部環(huán)境分析等進(jìn)行本次校本課程開發(fā)的需求評估;結(jié)合課程目標(biāo)設(shè)計的依據(jù)、課程目標(biāo)設(shè)計原則以及課程定位,設(shè)計具體的課程三維目標(biāo);從學(xué)科知識以及非學(xué)科知識等層面選擇課程內(nèi)容并切實(shí)考慮直線性與螺旋形相統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行內(nèi)容的組織與編排;總結(jié)校本課程實(shí)施策略并制定評價量表。第五部分為教育準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。采用教育研究中的準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究法,實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計模式采取單組前后測設(shè)計模式,通過問卷調(diào)查法得到學(xué)生前后變化,從而評價3D打印校本課程的效果。并采用問卷調(diào)查法、訪談法從不同角度進(jìn)行校本課程開發(fā)的成效檢測,對教學(xué)效果進(jìn)行總結(jié),并提出教學(xué)策略,反思不足。第六部分為總結(jié)和不足。在問卷分析、訪談?wù){(diào)查、筆者自我反思的基礎(chǔ)上,對本次研究結(jié)論進(jìn)行論述,總結(jié)不足之處,并對未來3D打印教學(xué)前景進(jìn)行展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, 3D printing, as a new technology, has gradually come into the classroom of students from various industries, and has gradually become the research hotspot of educational researchers. What kind of changes can 3D printing bring to education? What kind of educational value does it contain? How should different schools carry out teaching?. The rise of this new technology has brought us a series of problems worth studying. At present, the 3D printing education in China is still in the exploration stage. Although the development of 3D printing teaching in some developed regions has been established by itself, the research on the development and practice of the school-based curriculum of 3D printing in the less developed areas is still very limited. Through literature research, questionnaire survey, field interview, quasi-experimental research and other research methods, this paper analyzes the main forms of 3D printing technology in primary and secondary school teaching field and the existing problems in teaching. On the basis of the research on the theory of school-based curriculum development, this paper explores the model, course content selection, implementation strategy and teaching strategy suitable for the development of school-based curriculum in primary schools, and takes a primary school in the underdeveloped area of northern Jiangsu province as a pilot project. To carry out the exploration and research on the development and practice of 3 D print-based curriculum in primary schools. This thesis mainly includes six parts: the first part is the introduction. The background of this study, the reason of choosing the topic, the purpose and significance of the research, the contents and ideas of the research, the research methods, the current research status of 3D printing in education and the form of development in primary and secondary schools are summarized. The existing problems in 3D printing teaching are put forward. The second part is theoretical research. Through literature research, this paper defines the relevant core concepts of this study, expounds the theoretical basis of 3D printing teaching and the relevant theoretical basis of school-based curriculum development. The third part is the research on the development model of 3 D print-based curriculum in primary school. Through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the three dominant models of school-based curriculum development, the author designs a new curriculum development idea by means of the SWOT situation analysis method, in which the demand, conditions and objectives of the three leading modes go hand in hand. The model of 3 D print-based curriculum development is proposed. The fourth part is the primary school-based curriculum development of 3 D printing. Take the specific school as an example, according to the school-based curriculum development model, the primary school-based curriculum development. From the needs, conditions and objectives of the analysis of the school's internal and external environment and other aspects of the needs of the School-based curriculum development needs assessment; Combined with the basis of curriculum objective design, the principle of curriculum goal design and curriculum positioning, the design of specific curriculum three-dimensional objectives; The course contents should be selected from the aspects of subject knowledge and non-disciplinary knowledge, and the organization and arrangement of the content should be taken into account in the unity of straightness and helix, the implementation strategy of school-based curriculum should be summarized and the evaluation scale should be formulated. The fifth part is the quasi-experimental study of education. The quasi-experimental research method is adopted in the educational research. The experimental design model adopts the single-group pre-and post-test design model. The students' changes before and after the students are obtained by questionnaire, and the effect of the school-based course of 3D printing is evaluated. By using the method of questionnaire and interview, the effect of school-based curriculum development is tested from different angles, the teaching effect is summarized, and the teaching strategy is put forward, and the insufficiency of reflection is put forward. The sixth part is the summary and insufficiency. On the basis of questionnaire analysis, interview and self-reflection, this paper discusses the conclusions of this study, summarizes the shortcomings, and looks forward to the prospect of 3D printing teaching in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G622.3

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