發(fā)布時間：2019-04-26 13:07

【摘要】：熒光技術(shù)在光學(xué)成像,生命科學(xué),化學(xué)分析等領(lǐng)域有著重要的應(yīng)用,提高熒光的探測效率和探測靈敏度一直是人們重點研究的問題。近年來,隨著微納加工技術(shù)日趨設(shè)成熟,基于微納復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的新型光學(xué)芯片越來越多的被用來實現(xiàn)熒光輻射場的調(diào)控。本論文主要提出了幾種新型的光學(xué)芯片,通過對微納復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的模式進行分析,利用本征場與激發(fā)的熒光分子的耦合,實現(xiàn)對光場強度、方向、以及偏振等特性的調(diào)控;利用后焦面成像系統(tǒng),對耦合輻射場的光學(xué)行為進行表征,并且基于此提出了光學(xué)參數(shù)測量新方法。利用微納加工制作的光學(xué)芯片結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,有利于結(jié)構(gòu)的小型化和一體化,在熒光顯微成像,藥物檢測,以及傳感分析等領(lǐng)域有重要的應(yīng)用前景。本論文主要包括以下幾方面的內(nèi)容:1.自主搭建了后焦面成像系統(tǒng)。利用后焦面表征光場的輻射角度、強度、偏振等信息,系統(tǒng)的分析了后焦面上某一點位置所對應(yīng)的輻射角。并且通過后焦面上角度的變化,可以得到相應(yīng)模式的波矢變化,可用于薄膜、液體等折射率及厚度測量。2.設(shè)計了基于介質(zhì)光柵實現(xiàn)表面波耦合輻射光場在自由空間收集的光學(xué)芯片。激發(fā)的熒光分子與表面波的耦合出射能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)熒光的定向輻射,提高靈敏度。利用結(jié)構(gòu)底部的亞波長介質(zhì)光柵,實現(xiàn)了對輻射場的進一步調(diào)制,從而能夠在自由空間收集。3.提出了小孔-Tamm復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),利用轉(zhuǎn)移矩陣方法分析了光場在結(jié)構(gòu)中的傳輸與共振模式,通過FDTD模擬該結(jié)構(gòu)與激發(fā)的熒光分子相耦合的遠場信息。證明了遠場輻射方向、輻射強度可以通過改變出射波長、偶極子位置、小孔尺寸來調(diào)控。本論文的創(chuàng)新點主要包括:1.搭建的后焦面成像系統(tǒng)集光源、透鏡組和濾波片組于一體,可以切換白光和激光作為光源,選擇合適的波長,并且可以同時對前、后焦面成像�？梢灾庇^的表征熒光分子與光學(xué)芯片耦合后的方向與強度信息,具有很高的靈活性和實用性。2.首次提出利用介質(zhì)光柵實現(xiàn)表面波耦合輻射場在自由空間的收集,并且刻寫了二維光柵,實現(xiàn)了多個方向上光場的調(diào)制,和傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的表面波耦合輻射相比,這一新型微納結(jié)構(gòu)提高了熒光的探測效率、靈敏度和信噪比。3.小孔-Tamm復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)將表面結(jié)構(gòu)和Tamm相結(jié)合,既保持了傳統(tǒng)Tamm結(jié)構(gòu)實現(xiàn)熒光垂直出射的特點,同時位于小孔中的熒光分子能夠更好的與Tamm等離激元耦合,從而進一步實現(xiàn)了熒光的增強。從FDTD模擬結(jié)果上看,與傳統(tǒng)的Tamm結(jié)構(gòu)相比,場強提高了兩個數(shù)量級。
[Abstract]:Fluorescence technology has important applications in the fields of optical imaging, life science, chemical analysis and so on. To improve the efficiency and sensitivity of fluorescence detection has always been a key issue for people to study in the field of optical imaging, life science, chemical analysis and so on. In recent years, with the maturity of micro / nano processing technology, more and more novel optical chips based on micro / nano composite structure have been used to control the fluorescence radiation field. In this thesis, several new optical chips are proposed. By analyzing the modes in the micro / nano composite structure, the coupling between the intrinsic field and excited fluorescence molecules is used to control the intensity, direction and polarization of the light field. The optical behavior of the coupled radiation field is characterized by a rear focal plane imaging system and a new method for optical parameter measurement is proposed. The optical chip fabricated by micro-nano-machining is compact in structure, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and integration of the structure. It has an important application prospect in the fields of fluorescence microscopic imaging, drug detection, and sensing analysis. This paper mainly includes the following aspects: 1. The rear focal plane imaging system is built independently. The radiative angle, intensity and polarization of the light field are characterized by the post-focal plane, and the radiation angle corresponding to a point on the post-focal plane is systematically analyzed. Through the change of angle on the back focal plane, the wave vector of the corresponding mode can be obtained, which can be used to measure the refractive index and thickness of thin film, liquid, etc. 2. An optical chip based on dielectric grating for surface wave coupled radiation field collection in free space is designed. The coupled emission of excited fluorescence molecule and surface wave can realize the directional radiation of fluorescence and improve the sensitivity. The sub-wavelength dielectric grating at the bottom of the structure is used to further modulate the radiation field, so that the radiation field can be collected in free space. 3. The micropore-Tamm composite structure is proposed. The transfer matrix method is used to analyze the propagation and resonance modes of the light field in the structure. The far-field information of the coupling between the structure and excited fluorescent molecules is simulated by FDTD. It is proved that the radiation intensity can be controlled by changing the emission wavelength, the position of the dipole, and the size of the hole in the far-field radiation direction. The innovations of this paper include: 1. The post-focal plane imaging system is composed of light source, lens bank and filter bank. It can switch white light and laser as light source, select appropriate wavelength, and can simultaneously image front and back focal plane. It can directly characterize the direction and intensity information of the coupling between fluorescent molecules and optical chips, which has high flexibility and practicability. 2. A dielectric grating is proposed for the first time to realize the collection of surface wave coupling radiation field in free space, and a two-dimensional grating is written. The modulation of light field in multiple directions is realized, compared with the surface wave coupling radiation of traditional structure. This new micro / nano structure improves fluorescence detection efficiency, sensitivity and signal to noise ratio. 3. The pore-Tamm composite structure combines the surface structure with the Tamm structure, which not only preserves the characteristic of the traditional Tamm structure to realize the vertical emission of fluorescence, but also the fluorescence molecule located in the pore can be better coupled with the Tamm and other exciton. Thus, the fluorescence enhancement was further realized. From the FDTD simulation results, compared with the traditional Tamm structure, the field strength is improved by two orders of magnitude.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN491

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本文編號：2466093